{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T19:16:58Z","timestamp":1790191018155,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2285,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Little is known about the aetiology of chronic fatigue syndrome\/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS\/ME); prospective studies suggest a role for premorbid mood disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine childhood and early adult adversity, ill health and physical activity as premorbid risk markers for CFS\/ME by 42 years, taking psychopathology into account.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were from the 1958 British birth cohort, a prospective study from birth to 42 years (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 11 419). The outcomes were self-reported CFS\/ME (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 127) and operationally defined CFS-like illness (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 241) at 42 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adjusting for psychopathology, parental physical abuse (odds ratio (OR) = 2.10, 95% CI 1.16\u20133.81), childhood gastrointestinal symptoms (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.00\u20132.50) and parental reports of many colds (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.09\u20132.50) were independently associated with self-reported CFS\/ME. Female gender and premorbid psychopathology were the only risk markers for CFS-like illness, independent of comorbid psychopathology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This confirms the importance of premorbid psychopathology in the aetiological pathways of CFS\/ME, and replicates retrospective findings that childhood adversity may play a role in a minority.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.083956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]],"date-time":"2011-08-19T00:51:25Z","timestamp":1313715085000},"page":"323-329","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Premorbid risk markers for chronic fatigue syndrome in the 1958 British birth cohort"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"199","author":[{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Clark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Goodwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen A.","family":"Stansfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Hotopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter D.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707001602"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31816a8dbc"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06961-6"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000104468"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291796004242"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.11.1267"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.11.1258"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.6.4.330"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2006.058966"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2008.508"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-183X.2006.00244.x"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref13","article-title":"Psycho-social disorders in childhood, and their outcome in adult life","volume":"4","author":"Rutter","year":"1970","journal-title":"J R Coll Physicians Lond"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0610362104"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7244.1240"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00235-1"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.11.1796","article-title":"Childhood risk factors for adults with medically unexplained symptoms: results from a national birth cohort study","volume":"156","author":"Hotopf","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00458-0"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-3-25"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref2","article-title":"Chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"367","author":"Prins","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707001900"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2010.12.003"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2005.10.023"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38258.507928.55"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001270050153"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2010.02.008"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2010.01.008"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000205117.11882.65"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2393"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2006.06.010"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2270"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref29","article-title":"Markers of inflammation and immune activiation in chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Buchwald","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709005601"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-200111000-00012"},{"key":"S0007125000258364_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-985X.2006.00401.x"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007125000258364","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T08:49:49Z","timestamp":1712738989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007125000258364\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007125000258364"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.083956","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1250","1472-1465"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1250","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-1465","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]}}}