{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T12:17:58Z","timestamp":1780316278946,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2407,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J\n                        Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder (MADD) is common yet ill-defined,\n                           with little known about outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine MADD outcomes over 1 year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 250 adults attending seven London general practices with\n                           mild\u2013moderate distress. Three groups were defined using a diagnostic\n                           interview: MADD, other ICD\u201310 psychiatric diagnosis, no psychiatric\n                           diagnosis. We assessed symptoms of distress (General Health\n                           Questionnaire\u201328), quality of life (12-item Short Form Health Survey),\n                           general practitioner (GP) diagnosis and consultation rate at baseline, 3\n                           months and 1 year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two-thirds of participants with MADD had no significant psychological\n                           distress at 3 months (61%) or 1 year (69%). However, compared with those\n                           with no diagnosis, individuals had twice the risk of significant distress\n                           (incidence rate ratio 2.39, 95% CI 1.29\u20134.42) at 3 months but not 1 year,\n                           and persistently lower quality of life (mental health functioning). There\n                           was no significant difference in GP consultation rate\/diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The majority with MADD improved, but individuals had an increased risk of\n                           significant distress at 3 months and a lower quality of life. As we\n                           cannot currently predict those with a poorer prognosis these patients\n                           should be actively monitored in primary care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.085092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,31]],"date-time":"2011-05-31T19:26:28Z","timestamp":1306869988000},"page":"472-478","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder outcomes: prospective\n                        cohort study in primary 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