{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T16:00:56Z","timestamp":1791043256814,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2407,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J\n                        Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent studies have raised issues concerning the replicability of gene \u00d7\n                           environment (G \u00d7 E) interactions involving the monoamine oxidase A\n                              (<jats:italic>MAOA)<\/jats:italic> gene in moderating the associations between\n                           abuse or maltreatment exposure and antisocial behaviour. This study\n                           attempted to replicate the findings in this area using a 30-year\n                           longitudinal study that has strong resemblance to the original research\n                           cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To test the hypothesis that the presence of the low-activity\n                              <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic> genotype was associated with an increased\n                           response to abuse exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants were 398 males from the Christchurch Health and Development\n                           Study who had complete data on: <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic> promoter region\n                           variable number tandem repeat genotype; antisocial behaviour to age 30;\n                           and exposure to childhood sexual and physical abuse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regression models were fitted to five antisocial behaviour outcomes\n                           (self-reported property offending; self-reported violent offending;\n                           convictions for property\/violent offending; conduct problems; hostility)\n                           observed from age 16 to 30, using measures of childhood exposure to\n                           sexual and physical abuse. The analyses revealed consistent evidence of G\n                           \u00d7 E interactions, with those having the low-activity\n                              <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic> variant and who were exposed to abuse in\n                           childhood being significantly more likely to report later offending,\n                           conduct problems and hostility. These interactions remained statistically\n                           significant after control for a range of potentially confounding factors.\n                           Findings for convictions data were somewhat weaker.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present findings add to the evidence suggesting that there is a\n                           stable G \u00d7 E interaction involving <jats:italic>MAOA<\/jats:italic>, abuse exposure\n                           and antisocial behaviour across the life course.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.086991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,31]],"date-time":"2011-05-31T23:26:28Z","timestamp":1306884388000},"page":"457-463","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["<i>MAOA<\/i>, abuse exposure and antisocial behaviour: 30-year\n                        longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"David M.","family":"Fergusson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Boden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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