{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T22:13:52Z","timestamp":1780697632577,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2133,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a debate over whether disruptive behaviour should be regarded as a central component of, or rather as an epiphenomenon with little diagnostic value for, psychopathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To test whether callous\u2013unemotional traits and conduct disorder can be dissociated in the English and Romanian Adoptee Study, a prospective longitudinal study of adopted individuals with a history of severe early institutional deprivation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment was used to establish DSM-IV diagnoses for conduct disorder (and also oppositional defiant disorder) at the 15-year follow-up stage. The Inventory of Callous\u2013Unemotional Traits questionnaire was administered to assess psychopathy traits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no significant association between callous\u2013unemotional traits and conduct disorder, both according to parent and youth self-report assessed categorically and dimensionally after controlling for confounds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The majority of individuals with high callous\u2013unemotional traits did not show conduct disorder in this special sample of children. This supports the view that, while common, an overlap between these aspects of psychopathology is not inevitable and so provides evidence for the dissociation of these two concepts. In terms of classification, we argue for a diagnostic scheme where psychopathy can be diagnosed independently of conduct disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.089441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,25]],"date-time":"2011-11-25T01:55:30Z","timestamp":1322186130000},"page":"197-201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Adolescent callous\u2013unemotional traits and conduct disorder in adoptees exposed to severe early deprivation"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"200","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Kumsta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edmund","family":"Sonuga-Barke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2009.02199.x","article-title":"The role of callous and unemotional traits in the diagnosis of conduct disorder","volume":"51","author":"Rowe","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.73.3.400"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref13","volume-title":"The Hare Psychopathy Checklist \u2013 Revised (PCL-R)","author":"Hare","year":"2003"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.12.4.382"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref12","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170003498X"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref9","author":"Frick","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Antisocial Process Screening Device"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.13.2.171"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0008512"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-005-0026-3"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410701444223"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191106287354"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072290"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00393.x"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frick PJ. The Inventory of Callous\u2013Unemotional Traits. University of New Orleans, 2003 (http:\/\/psyc.uno.edu\/Frick%20Lab\/ICU.html).","DOI":"10.1037\/t62639-000"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.116.1.155"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2004.18.4.337"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref1","volume-title":"The Mask of Sanity: An Attempt to Reinterpret the So\u2013called Psychopathic Personality","author":"Cleckley","year":"1941"},{"key":"S0007125000258005_ref7","volume-title":"Deprivation\u2013Specific Psychological Patterns: Effects of Institutional Deprivation. 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