{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:23:53Z","timestamp":1791433433004,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2285,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>About 20% of major depressive episodes become chronic and medication-refractory and also appear to be less responsive to standard cognitive\u2013behavioural therapy (CBT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To test whether CBT developed from behavioural activation principles that explicitly and exclusively targets depressive rumination enhances treatment as usual (TAU) in reducing residual depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty-two consecutively recruited participants meeting criteria for medication-refractory residual depression were randomly allocated to TAU\n                      <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>\n                      TAU plus up to 12 sessions of individual rumination-focused CBT. The trial has been registered (ISRCTN22782150).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adding rumination-focused CBT to TAU significantly improved residual symptoms and remission rates. Treatment effects were mediated by change in rumination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This is the first randomised controlled trial providing evidence of benefits of rumination-focused CBT in persistent depression. Although suggesting the internal validity of rumination-focused CBT for residual depression, the trial lacked an attentional control group so cannot test whether the effects were as a result of the specific content of rumination-focused CBT\n                      <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic>\n                      non-specific therapy effects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.110.090282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,21]],"date-time":"2011-07-21T20:25:41Z","timestamp":1311279941000},"page":"317-322","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":372,"title":["Rumination-focused cognitive\u2013behavioural therapy for residual depression: phase II randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"199","author":[{"given":"Edward 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