{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:26:58Z","timestamp":1791599218159,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2102,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sleep disturbances comparable with insomnia occur in up to 80% of people with schizophrenia, but very little is known about the contribution of circadian coordination to these prevalent disruptions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic exploration of circadian time patterns in individuals with schizophrenia with recurrent sleep disruption.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined the relationship between sleep\u2013wake activity, recorded actigraphically over 6 weeks, along with ambient light exposure and simultaneous circadian clock timing, by collecting weekly 48 h profiles of a urinary metabolite of melatonin in 20 out-patients with schizophrenia and 21 healthy control individuals matched for age, gender and being unemployed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant sleep\/circadian disruption occurred in all the participants with schizophrenia. Half these individuals showed severe circadian misalignment ranging from phase-advance\/delay to non-24 h periods in sleep\u2013wake and melatonin cycles, and the other half showed patterns from excessive sleep to highly irregular and fragmented sleep epochs but with normally timed melatonin production.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe circadian sleep\/wake disruptions exist despite stability in mood, mental state and newer antipsychotic treatment. 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