{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:48:55Z","timestamp":1790858935432,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":946,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J\n                        Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Genetic testing in psychiatry promises to improve patient care through\n                           advances in personalised medicine. However, there are few clinically\n                           relevant examples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether patients with a well-established genetic subtype of\n                           schizophrenia show a different response profile to the antipsychotic\n                           clozapine than those with idiopathic schizophrenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively studied the long-term safety and efficacy of clozapine\n                           in 40 adults with schizophrenia, half with a 22q11.2 deletion (22q11.2DS\n                           group) and half matched for age and clinical severity but molecularly\n                           confirmed to have no pathogenic copy number variant (idiopathic\n                           group).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both groups showed similar clinical improvement and significant\n                           reductions in hospitalisations, achieved at a lower median dose for those\n                           in the 22q11.2DS group. Most common side-effects were similarly prevalent\n                           between the two groups, however, half of the 22q11.2DS group experienced\n                           at least one rare serious adverse event compared with none of the\n                           idiopathic group. Many were successfully retried on clozapine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with 22q11.2DS-schizophrenia respond as well to clozapine\n                           treatment as those with other forms of schizophrenia, but may represent a\n                           disproportionate number of those with serious adverse events, primarily\n                           seizures. Lower doses and prophylactic (for example anticonvulsant)\n                           management strategies can help ameliorate side-effect risks. This first\n                           systematic evaluation of antipsychotic response in a genetic subtype of\n                           schizophrenia provides a proof-of-principle for personalised medicine and\n                           supports the utility of clinical genetic testing in schizophrenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.114.151837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,5]],"date-time":"2015-03-05T21:03:18Z","timestamp":1425589398000},"page":"484-491","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Response to clozapine in a clinically identifiable subtype of\n                        schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"206","author":[{"given":"Nancy J.","family":"Butcher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wai Lun Alan","family":"Fung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Fitzpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Guna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle M.","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony E.","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva W. 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