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The current study examined the association between childhood trauma and serum lipids and adiposity in SMDs and the potential mediating role of cognitive and personality characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933821000146_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants with schizophrenia and bipolar spectrum disorders (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0819) were included, cardiometabolic risk factors (<jats:italic>serum lipids<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>body mass index<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>waist circumference)<\/jats:italic>were measured, and history of<jats:italic>childhood trauma<\/jats:italic>was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Cognitive and personality characteristics were available in subsamples, with assessments of cognitive control, impulsiveness, self-esteem, and affective lability. Linear regressions and mediation analyses with Hayes\u2019 PROCESS were performed, adjusting for age, sex, antipsychotic agent propensity of metabolic side-effect, and diagnostic group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933821000146_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experience of three or more subtypes of childhood trauma was positively associated with waist circumference in patients with SMDs (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.014). There were no other significant associations between trauma variables and lipid or adiposity measures in the total sample. Cognitive control was a significant mediator between experience of one or two subtypes of childhood trauma and waist circumference.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933821000146_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results indicate childhood trauma as a predisposing factor for increased waist circumference in individuals with SMDs. Poorer cognitive control, suggestive of adverse health behavior, might be a mediating factor of the association, and the findings indicate the potential importance of increased focus on these factors in prevention and treatment regimens targeting cardiometabolic health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2021.14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,29]],"date-time":"2021-03-29T06:43:03Z","timestamp":1617000183000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Childhood trauma and cardiometabolic risk in severe mental disorders: The mediating role of cognitive control"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3342-7997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Synve 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