{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T22:38:43Z","timestamp":1793140723778,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752710400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":197,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur. Psychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825100473_sec1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>While evidence-based clinical practice guidelines promote high-quality care, their absence may create unwarranted variation in disease management, leading to suboptimal outcomes. This study aimed to identify existing clinical practice guidelines for tardive dyskinesia (TD) in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom (EU4+UK), assessing the evidence for recommended TD treatments.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825100473_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n\t    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>MEDLINE, PubMed, and other sources (e.g., government\/public agencies, associations, patient\/research organizations) were searched to identify clinical practice guidelines for TD published between January 2000 and February 2025 in EU4+UK. Mentions of TD treatments in identified documents were classified as \u201crecommendations\u201d or \u201cdescriptions.\u201d Recommendations were ranked according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network grading system or received a \u201cno-rank\u201d label. Subanalyses on tetrabenazine and tiapride, were performed.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825100473_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Of the 31 documents identified, only two were TD-specific, with the remainder primarily developed for schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder. Data extraction led to 112 mentions of TD treatments (40 recommendations, 72 descriptions). Most recommendations focused on antipsychotic regimen modification (75%) and had no rank (88%). Only five recommendations (no rank) proposed a pharmaceutical (add-on) treatment: three for tetrabenazine and one each for amantadine and buspirone. Neither of the TD-specific guidelines contained TD treatment recommendations.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825100473_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>No specific clinical practice guidelines for TD in EU4\u00a0+\u00a0UK were found, although TD management was mentioned in guidelines for other disorders. Most recommendations were not supported by high-quality evidence. To improve quality of care for patients with TD in Europe, updated treatment recommendations are needed based on high-quality studies.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2025.10047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T05:26:52Z","timestamp":1752730012000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia in Europe: A descriptive review"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8283-9015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark J.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7438-8990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Michel Llorca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondation FondaMental"},{"name":"Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital Center"},{"name":"University of Clermont Auvergne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurice T.","family":"Driessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teva Pharmaceuticals EU"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4338-0222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Duma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teva Pharmaceuticals EU"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayla","family":"Chaijale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D LLC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liza","family":"Sopina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Consultant"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer","family":"Kotak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yorker Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5827-0853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Fagiolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Siena"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7254-5646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph U.","family":"Correll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwell Health"},{"name":"Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra\/Northwell"},{"name":"Institute of Behavioral Science"},{"name":"Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin"},{"name":"German Center for Mental Health (DZPG)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0924933825100473_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003960"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.38.3.391"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216044"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.22m14694"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20579"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41537-021-00192-x"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.177901"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.16091037"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.16r10832"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2009.60.9.1175"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r17","volume-title":"Improving healthcare quality in Europe: Characteristics, effectiveness and implementation of different strategies","author":"Busse","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2018.02.012"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r24","unstructured":"[24] Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. SIGN 50: A guideline developer\u2019s handbook. Edinburgh: Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network; 2008."},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.4.5778.25"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17226\/1626"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21222"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674378803300104"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.tv17016ah4c"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-9-3"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r30","first-page":"19","article-title":"A therapeutic approach to tardive dyskinesia","volume":"46","author":"Fahn","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10410236.2017.1350913"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjopharm.2010.08.006"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743719828968"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20451253221117313"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1972.01750250081011"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r29","first-page":"267","article-title":"Long-term treatment of tardive dyskinesia with presynaptically acting dopamine-depleting agents","volume":"37","author":"Fahn","year":"1983","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03374-0"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.130.4.479"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12961-015-0028-5"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001532"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03059.x"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410110108"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.5.937"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r50","first-page":"59","article-title":"Drug-induced tardive dyskinesia \u2013 Expert group recommendations: 2024 update","volume":"20","author":"Slawek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Polski Przegl\u0105d Neurologiczny"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r5","first-page":"e109","article-title":"Off-label use of antipsychotic medications in Medicaid","volume":"18","author":"Leslie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r53","unstructured":"[53] Sant\u00e9 HAd. Actes et prestations affection de longue der\u00e9e: Schizophr\u00e9nies. 2017. p. 1\u201313. https:\/\/www.has-sante.fr\/upload\/docs\/application\/pdf\/lap_ald23_schizophr_juin_07.pdf"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-019-02269-8"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001201"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r15","first-page":"810","article-title":"Health care resource utilization and costs for patients with tardive dyskinesia","volume":"25","author":"Carroll","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.31.8.1051"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnf.0000136892.24629.96"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31829d86b6"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r6","volume-title":"Off-label use of atypical antipsychotics: An update","author":"Maglione","year":"2011"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-011-0667-2"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.112671"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02733-z"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001597"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.2.358"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1979.tb119426.x"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.8.1279"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796021000159"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r1","article-title":"An update on tardive dyskinesia: From phenomenology to treatment","volume":"3","author":"Waln","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y)"},{"key":"S0924933825100473_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S310605"}],"container-title":["European Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0924933825100473","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T16:11:54Z","timestamp":1759853514000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0924933825100473\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"alternative-id":["S0924933825100473"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2025.10047","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-9338","type":"print"},{"value":"1778-3585","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"e115"}}