{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T11:25:42Z","timestamp":1782818742232,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745193600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":110,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur. Psychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825024551_sec1\">\n\t    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Schizophrenia is a multifactorial disorder with a range of risk factors. Dysregulation in the systems involved in the stress response is a key component of its pathophysiology. Individuals at risk of developing schizophrenia exhibit hyperreactivity to stress and altered cognitive performance, both known as vulnerability markers. This study aims to determine whether stimulation of the prefrontal cortex can reduce reactivity to stress in unaffected siblings of patients with schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825024551_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n\t    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>In a randomized, sham-controlled trial, 27 participants were assigned to receive either active (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a014) or sham (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a013) transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the prefrontal cortex for 30\u00a0min during exposure to an acute stressor. The stress response was measured biologically, via salivary cortisol levels, and cognitively, through a reality monitoring task, which serves as an intermediate cognitive vulnerability marker.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825024551_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>In contrast to the sham condition, active stimulation significantly reduced cortisol release in response to stress (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>(9,216)<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a01.972; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04) and prevented stress-induced impairment in reality monitoring (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>(1,23)<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a09.954; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.004).<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825024551_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>These findings suggest that tDCS should be a promising tool for reducing stress-induced biological and cognitive reactivity in a population at risk of schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2025.2455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,20]],"date-time":"2025-04-20T21:10:26Z","timestamp":1745183426000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prefrontal cortex stimulation prevents stress-induced HPA axis reactivity in people at familial risk of schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1192","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6311-2796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ondine","family":"Adam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Le Vinatier Psychiatrie Universitaire Lyon M\u00e9tropole"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3295-9198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Perret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Le Vinatier Psychiatrie Universitaire Lyon M\u00e9tropole"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Le Vinatier Psychiatrie Universitaire Lyon M\u00e9tropole"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1"},{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5121-8769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Dond\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes"},{"name":"INSERM"},{"name":"CHU Grenoble Alpes"},{"name":"Centre Hospitalier Alpes-Is\u00e8re"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4336-1271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Raverot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1"},{"name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Est, LBMMS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3325-4360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Vallet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Le Vinatier Psychiatrie Universitaire Lyon M\u00e9tropole"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3175-8503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marine","family":"Mondino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Le Vinatier Psychiatrie Universitaire Lyon M\u00e9tropole"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5479-5628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Brunelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Le Vinatier Psychiatrie Universitaire Lyon M\u00e9tropole"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernard Lyon 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"170","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0924933825024551_r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.erap.2006.05.004"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.01.028"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.10.009"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000100"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy133"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.05.027"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-018-0167-9"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2018.03.015"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711000602"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjop.12048"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2022.110667"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0285034"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-18-0226"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.02.007"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.07.011"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4087"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Disrupted upregulation of salience network connectivity during acute stress in siblings of schizophrenia patients","volume":"51","author":"van Leeuwen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.08.017"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2647"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0542-11.2011"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.08.017"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10102397"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329172000152X"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyaa051"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.07.013"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.11.021"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.05.070"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.12.013"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.04.012"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2008.10.026"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbx033"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijchp.2024.100449"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0333-10.2010"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.120.6.1204"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881107084020"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.03.006"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2015.10.004"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2594(200102)45:2<196::AID-MRM1026>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2020.12.068"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-00969-z"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2017.03.012"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2015.10.007"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.02.016"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/17.4.555"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11030782"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2006.08.028"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09563"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2021.100930"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-09-03839.1993"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2021.02.011"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.11.009"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291711002728"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r56","first-page":"62","article-title":"Acute stress affects implicit but not explicit motor imagery: a pilot study","volume":"020","author":"Schlatter","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbq144"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890701754076"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbz039"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033503"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02190760"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.06.001"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2009.10.002"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.01.066"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.06.038"},{"key":"S0924933825024551_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13546805.2015.1014032"}],"container-title":["European Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0924933825024551","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T14:59:38Z","timestamp":1759849178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0924933825024551\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"alternative-id":["S0924933825024551"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2025.2455","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-9338","type":"print"},{"value":"1778-3585","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"e55"}}