{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:45:06Z","timestamp":1787021106293,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur. Psychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825000069_sec1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Childhood maltreatment (CM) significantly increases the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for which the prevalence in Europe is higher than initially assumed. While the high economic burden of PTSD is well-documented, little is known about the health care cost differences between individuals with PTSD-CM and those without PTSD in Germany. This study aimed to determine the excess health care and absenteeism costs associated with PTSD-CM in Germany.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825000069_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline data from a multi-center randomized controlled trial on individuals with PTSD-CM (n\u00a0=\u00a0361) were combined with data from individuals without PTSD (n\u00a0=\u00a04760). Entropy balancing was used to balance the data sets with regard to sociodemographic characteristics. Six-month excess health care costs from a societal perspective were calculated for 2022, using two-part models with logit specification for the first part and a generalized linear model for the second part.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825000069_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The total six-month excess costs associated with PTSD-CM were \u20ac8864 (95% CI: \u20ac6855 to \u20ac10,873) per person. Of this, the excess health care costs accounted for \u20ac4647 (95% CI \u20ac3296 to \u20ac5997) and the excess costs of absenteeism for \u20ac4217 (95% CI: \u20ac3121 to \u20ac5314). Individuals with mild to moderate PTSD symptoms incurred total excess costs of \u20ac6038 (95% CI: \u20ac3879 to \u20ac8197), while those with severe to extreme symptoms faced \u20ac11,433 (95% CI: \u20ac8220 to \u20ac14,646).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933825000069_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Excess health care and absenteeism costs associated with PTSD-CM were substantial, with absenteeism accounting for roughly half of the total excess costs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2025.6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T23:47:31Z","timestamp":1737503251000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Excess costs of post-traumatic stress disorder related to child maltreatment in 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