{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T19:45:56Z","timestamp":1791575156881,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771545600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":50,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur. Psychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933826101734_sec1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sex differences in psychosis pathoetiology are insufficiently understood. This study explores how childhood adversity (CA) and coping mechanisms relate to psychosis expression (PE) across males and females in the general population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933826101734_sec2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data from the TwinssCan project (males:\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0312; females:\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0478) were used. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire assessed CA domains. The Utrecht Coping List assessed coping strategies. Psychosis expression was assessed using the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE). Mixed linear regression analyses examined sex-stratified associations of CAPE scores with CA, coping strategies, and their interactions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933826101734_sec3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emotional abuse (EA) was associated with increased total CAPE scores (T-CAPE), explaining the greatest variance among CA across sexes. Sex-specific effects showed that sexual abuse (SA) and physical abuse (PA) were linked to higher T-CAPE in females, whereas physical neglect (PN) was linked to higher T-CAPE in males. Passive-reacting was associated with increased T-CAPE, explaining the greatest variance among coping styles across both sexes. Sex-specific effects showed that, in females, seeking social support was linked to decreased T-CAPE, while emotional expression increased it. The only sex-shared interaction effect was between reassuring thoughts and emotional neglect (EN), associated with decreased T-CAPE. In females, social support (\u00d7 PA\/PN\/EA), reassuring thoughts (\u00d7 PA\/PN), and palliative-reacting (\u00d7 PN\/PA) were associated with decreased T-CAPE, while passive-reacting (\u00d7 EN) increased it. In males, avoidance (\u00d7 SA\/PA) and passive-reacting (\u00d7 PN) were associated with increased T-CAPE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0924933826101734_sec4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sex differences in the associations of PE with CA and coping underscore the necessity for sex-specific interventions that promote adaptive coping strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2026.10173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T03:14:46Z","timestamp":1771557286000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sex differences in the effect of childhood adversity and coping strategies on psychosis expression: A TwinssCan 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