{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T20:22:58Z","timestamp":1776370978010,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008931","name":"California Earthquake Authority","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008931","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004811","name":"California Department of Transportation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004811","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Earthquake Spectra"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Empirical ground motion models for the average horizontal component from shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions are derived using the PEER NGA\u2010West2 database. The model is applicable to magnitudes 3.0\u20138.5, distances 0\u2013300\u00a0km, and spectral periods of 0\u201310 s. The model input parameters are the same as those used by Abrahamson and Silva\u00a0(2008), with the following exceptions: the loading level for nonlinear effects is based on the spectral acceleration at the period of interest rather than the PGA; and the distance scaling for hanging wall (HW) effects off the ends of the rupture includes a dependence on the source\u2010to\u2010site azimuth. Regional differences in large\u2010distance attenuation and\n                    <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                      30\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    scaling between California, Japan, China, and Taiwan are included. The scaling for the HW effect is improved using constraints from numerical simulations. The standard deviation is magnitude\u2010dependent, with smaller magnitudes leading to larger standard deviations at short periods, but smaller standard deviations at long periods. Directivity effects are not included through explicit parameters, but are captured through the variability of the empirical data.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1193\/070913eqs198m","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]],"date-time":"2014-02-10T13:49:42Z","timestamp":1392040182000},"page":"1025-1055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1112,"title":["Summary of the ASK14 Ground Motion Relation for Active Crustal Regions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Norman A.","family":"Abrahamson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Gas &amp; Electric Company 245 Market Street San Francisco CA 94105"}]},{"given":"Walter J.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Engineering and Analysis 311 Pomona Ave El Cerrito CA 94546"}]},{"given":"Ronnie","family":"Kamai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev Israel 84105"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1785\/BSSA0820010505"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"AbrahamsonN. A. andSilvaW. J. 2007.Abrahamson & Silva NGA Ground Motion Relations for the Geometric Mean Horizontal Component of Peak and Spectral Ground Motion Parameters Final report prepared for the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center October 2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/1.2924360"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","volume-title":"Update of the AS08 Ground Motion Prediction Equations Based on the NGA\u2010West2 Data Set, PEER Report No. 2013\/04","author":"Abrahamson N. A.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1785\/0120090154"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/070913EQS197M"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1785\/0120090400"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/072813EQS219M"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","unstructured":"CollinsN. GravesR. andSomervilleP. 2006.Revised Analysis of 1\u2010D Rock Simulations for the NGA\u2010E Project Final report prepared for the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center April 2006."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/071113EQS200M"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1785\/BSSA0640051363"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/1.3650372"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/070113EQS187M"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/071913EQS208M"}],"container-title":["Earthquake Spectra"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1193\/070913EQS198M","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1193\/070913EQS198M","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1193\/070913EQS198M","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T13:46:35Z","timestamp":1769348795000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1193\/070913EQS198M"},"secondary":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/earthquake-spectra\/article\/30\/3\/1025\/585869\/summary-of-the-ask14-ground-motion-relation-for","label":"geoscienceworld"}]},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1193\/070913EQS198M"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1193\/070913eqs198m","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["8755-2930","1944-8201"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8755-2930","type":"print"},{"value":"1944-8201","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}}}