{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T11:08:20Z","timestamp":1789211300991,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Earthquake Spectra"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The ground\u2010motion prediction equations (GMPEs) developed as part of the Next Generation Attenuation of Ground Motions (NGA\u2010West) project in 2008 are becoming widely used in seismic hazard analyses. However, these new models are considerably more complicated than previous GMPEs, and they require several more input parameters. When employing the NGA models, users routinely face situations in which some of the required input parameters are unknown. In this paper, we present a framework for estimating the unknown source, path, and site parameters when implementing the NGA models in engineering practice, and we derive geometrically\u2010based equations relating the three distance measures found in the NGA models. Our intent is for the content of this paper not only to make the NGA models more accessible, but also to help with the implementation of other present or future GMPEs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1193\/1.3650372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,30]],"date-time":"2011-11-30T19:57:42Z","timestamp":1322683062000},"page":"1219-1235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":173,"title":["Estimating Unknown Input Parameters when Implementing the NGA Ground\u2010Motion Prediction Equations in Engineering Practice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"James","family":"Kaklamanos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering 113 Anderson Hall, Tufts University Medford MA 02155"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurie G.","family":"Baise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering 113 Anderson Hall, Tufts University Medford MA 02155"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Boore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earthquake Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Mail Stop 977, 345 Middlefield Road Menlo Park CA 94025"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/1.2924363"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/1.2924360"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1785\/0120040073"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1193\/1.2830434"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","unstructured":"CampbellK. 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(2011) distance equations in Mathcad and Microsoft Excel Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringTufts University http:\/\/geohazards.cee.tufts.edu\/people\/jkakla01 last accessed August 2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1785\/0120100038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KaklamanosJ.BooreD. M.ThompsonE. M.andCampbellK. W.2010Implementation of the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) ground\u2010motion prediction equations in Fortran and RU.S. Geological Survey Open\u2010File Report 2010\u20131296 Reston VA","DOI":"10.3133\/ofr20101296"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1785\/0120040111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","unstructured":"MaiP. 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