{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:49:33Z","timestamp":1790743773107,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,17]],"date-time":"2020-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2270,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Lipid Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.m050237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,23]],"date-time":"2014-05-23T23:36:24Z","timestamp":1400888184000},"page":"1478-1488","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":118,"title":["Enhanced synthesis of saturated phospholipids is associated with ER stress and lipotoxicity in palmitate treated hepatic cells"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Alexandra K.","family":"Leamy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Egnatchik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masakazu","family":"Shiota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavlina T.","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S.","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Alex","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamey D.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31822578db","article-title":"Mechanisms of lipotoxicity in NAFLD and clinical implications","volume":"53","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.2217\/clp.09.85","article-title":"Mechanisms and clinical implications of hepatocyte lipoapoptosis","volume":"5","author":"Cazanave","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Lipidol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00907-7","article-title":"Hepatocyte apoptosis and Fas expression are prominent features of human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"125","author":"Feldstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.02.003","article-title":"Role of obesity and lipotoxicity in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: pathophysiology and clinical implications","volume":"142","author":"Cusi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2012.10.004","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and the role of saturated fatty acids in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"52","author":"Leamy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33425","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.049478","article-title":"Effect of anaplerotic fuxes and amino acid availability on hepatic lipoapoptosis","volume":"284","author":"Noguchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5637","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M807616200","article-title":"Hepatic lipid partitioning and liver damage in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase","volume":"284","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-009-0142-1","article-title":"Reduced endoplasmic reticulum luminal calcium links saturated fatty acid-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell death in liver cells","volume":"331","author":"Wei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib9","first-page":"31","article-title":"Saturated fatty acids induce cytotoxicity in hepatocytes via effects on the endoplasmic reticulum (Abstract)","volume":"13","author":"Pagliassotti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obes. Res."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3077","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0630588100","article-title":"Triglyceride accumulation protects against fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity","volume":"100","author":"Listenberger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G825","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00145.2011","article-title":"Fast food diet mouse: novel small animal model of NASH with ballooning, progressive fibrosis, and high physiological fidelity to the human condition","volume":"301","author":"Charlton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14890","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M010286200","article-title":"Palmitate-induced apoptosis can occur through a ceramide-independent pathway","volume":"276","author":"Listenberger","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2726","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M600299-JLR200","article-title":"Disruption of endoplasmic reticulum structure and integrity in lipotoxic cell death","volume":"47","author":"Borradaile","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-0924","article-title":"Stimulation of lipogenesis as well as fatty acid oxidation protects against palmitate-induced INS-1 beta-cell death","volume":"152","author":"Choi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2917","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.10.2917","article-title":"Increased fatty acid desaturation and enhanced expression of stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase protects pancreatic beta-cells from lipoapoptosis","volume":"54","author":"Busch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31861","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M300190200","article-title":"Saturated fatty acid-induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. A role for cardiolipin","volume":"278","author":"Hardy","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E275","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00644.2005","article-title":"Saturated fatty acids induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis independently of ceramide in liver cells","volume":"291","author":"Wei","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.21568","article-title":"Application of metabolic flux analysis to identify the mechanisms of free fatty acid toxicity to human hepatoma cell line","volume":"99","author":"Srivastava","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2013.10.009","article-title":"Palmitate-induced activation of mitochondrial metabolism promotes oxidative stress and apoptosis in H4IIEC3 rat hepatocytes","volume":"63","author":"Egnatchik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Metabolism."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1341","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00095.2006","article-title":"Apoptosis in skeletal muscle myotubes is induced by ceramides and is positively related to insulin resistance","volume":"291","author":"Turpin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1027","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00642.2009","article-title":"Linking endoplasmic reticulum stress to cell death in hepatocytes: roles of C\/EBP homologous protein and chemical chaperones in palmitate-mediated cell death","volume":"298","author":"Pfaffenbach","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09968","article-title":"Aberrant lipid metabolism disrupts calcium homeostasis causing liver endoplasmic reticulum stress in obesity","volume":"473","author":"Fu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20020285","article-title":"Inhibition of phosphatidylcholine synthesis induces expression of the endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis-related protein CCAAT\/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (CHOP\/GADD153)","volume":"369","author":"van der Sanden","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)34276-0","article-title":"Membrane lipid-composition and cellular function","volume":"26","author":"Spector","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2199","article-title":"Signal integration in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response","volume":"8","author":"Ron","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0854.2010.01150.x","article-title":"Modulation of lipid-induced ER stress by fatty acid shape","volume":"12","author":"Deguil","year":"2011","journal-title":"Traffic."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01715846","article-title":"Metabolism and function of membrane lipids","volume":"65","author":"Kennedy","year":"1987","journal-title":"Klin. Wochenschr."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":".Arndt-JovinD. J.JovinT. M.. 1989. Fluorescence labeling and microscopy of DNA. In Methods in Cell Biology. Vol. 30. D. L. Taylor and Y-l. Wang, editors. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 417\u2013448.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-679X(08)60989-9"},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1139\/y59-099","article-title":"A rapid method for total lipid extraction and purification","volume":"37","author":"Bligh","year":"1959","journal-title":"Can. J. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(07)32002-8","article-title":"Glycerophospholipid identification and quantitation by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry","volume":"432","author":"Ivanova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2011.05.015","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of glycerophospholipids by LC-MS: acquisition, data handling, and interpretation","volume":"1811","author":"Myers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-0994","article-title":"CGI-58\/ABHD5-derived signaling lipids regulate systemic inflammation and insulin action","volume":"61","author":"Lord","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-3084(80)90052-3","article-title":"Effect of fatty acids on physical properties of microsomes from isolated perfused rat liver","volume":"26","author":"Schroeder","year":"1980","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lipids."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22027","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.126870","article-title":"Decrease in membrane phospholipid unsaturation induces unfolded protein response","volume":"285","author":"Ariyama","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib35","series-title":"In Molecular Biology of the Cell.","article-title":"The endoplasmic reticulum","author":"Alberts","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib36","first-page":"119","article-title":"Engineering cells for cell culture bioprocessing \u2013 physiological fundamentals","volume":"101","author":"Seth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1103160","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress links obesity, insulin action, and type 2 diabetes","volume":"306","author":"\u00d6zcan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.10.039","article-title":"Activation and dysregulation of the unfolded protein response in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"134","author":"Puri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1128294","article-title":"Chemical chaperones reduce ER stress and restore glucose homeostasis in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes","volume":"313","author":"\u00d6zcan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33917","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M505818200","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) in a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent fashion, and the UPR counteracts ROS accumulation by TNF alpha","volume":"280","author":"Xue","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0570","article-title":"Saturated fatty acids promote endoplasmic reticulum stress and liver injury in rats with hepatic steatosis","volume":"147","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11107","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M708700200","article-title":"Oleate reverses palmitate-induced insulin resistance and inflammation in skeletal muscle cells","volume":"283","author":"Coll","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.7.2005","article-title":"Lipid-induced insulin resistance in human muscle is associated with changes in diacylglycerol, protein kinase C, and I kappa B-alpha","volume":"51","author":"Itani","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22775","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022775","article-title":"Increased diacylglycerols characterize hepatic lipid changes in progression of human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; comparison to a murine model","volume":"6","author":"Gorden","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M050237_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-1369","article-title":"Oleate blocks palmitate-induced abnormal lipid distribution, endoplasmic reticulum expansion and stress, and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle","volume":"152","author":"Peng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology."}],"container-title":["Journal of Lipid Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022227520352524?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022227520352524?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1194\/jlr.M050237","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]],"date-time":"2021-11-20T13:57:07Z","timestamp":1637416627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022227520352524"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022227520352524"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1194\/jlr.m050237","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2275","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}}}