{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:29:58Z","timestamp":1790749798557,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]],"date-time":"2009-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4007,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Lipid Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.m900039-jlr200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,7]],"date-time":"2009-04-07T23:35:45Z","timestamp":1239147345000},"page":"1870-1880","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":157,"title":["Disruption of FADS2 gene in mice impairs male reproduction and causes dermal and intestinal ulceration"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Chad K.","family":"Stroud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki Y.","family":"Nara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Roqueta-Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily C.","family":"Radlowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung H.","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariangela","family":"Segre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rex A.","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Thomas","family":"Brenna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanda M.","family":"Haschek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabu T.","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(20)78929-5","article-title":"On the nature and role of the fatty acids essential in nutrition","volume":"86","author":"Burr","year":"1930","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.1.471","article-title":"Cloning, expression, and nutritional regulation of the mammalian delta-6 desaturase","volume":"274","author":"Cho","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)31158-5","article-title":"Identification of a fatty acid delta6-desaturase deficiency in human skin fibroblasts","volume":"42","author":"Williard","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(85)90009-8","article-title":"Essential function of linoleic acid esterified in acylglucosylceramide and acylceramide in maintaining the epidermal water permeability barrier. Evidence from feeding studies with oleate, linoleate, arachidonate, columbinate and alpha-linolenate","volume":"834","author":"Hansen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1976.tb07012.x","article-title":"Changes in transepidermal water loss and the composition of epidermal lecithin after applications of pure fatty acid triglycerides to the skin of essential fatty acid-deficient rats","volume":"95","author":"Hartop","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-001-0805-6","article-title":"Mechanisms of action of docosahexaenoic acid in the nervous system","volume":"36","author":"Salem","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lipids."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-406X(65)90131-3","article-title":"Lipid composition of testes from various species","volume":"15","author":"Bieri","year":"1965","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31098","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M404376200","article-title":"Reduced G protein-coupled signaling efficiency in retinal rod outer segments in response to n-3 fatty acid deficiency","volume":"279","author":"Niu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2774","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI25420","article-title":"A role for docosahexaenoic acid-derived neuroprotectin D1 in neural cell survival and Alzheimer disease","volume":"115","author":"Lukiw","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8491","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402531101","article-title":"Neuroprotectin D1: a docosahexaenoic acid-derived docosatriene protects human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative stress","volume":"101","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10858","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0502903102","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid: a positive modulator of Akt signaling in neuronal survival","volume":"102","author":"Akbar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M600549-JLR200","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid synthesis from alpha-linolenic acid by rat brain is unaffected by dietary n-3 PUFA deprivation","volume":"48","author":"Igarashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/6.3.226","article-title":"Fatty acid composition of spermatozoa and immature germ cells","volume":"6","author":"Lenzi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27310","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M502775200","article-title":"Novel class of glycosphingolipids involved in male fertility","volume":"280","author":"Sandhoff","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bio Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116981","article-title":"Selective reduction of delta 6 and delta 5 desaturase activities but not delta 9 desaturase in micropigs chronically fed ethanol","volume":"93","author":"Nakamura","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1525","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00751.2004","article-title":"Induction of overlapping genes by fasting and a peroxisome proliferator in pigs: evidence of functional PPARalpha in nonproliferating species","volume":"288","author":"Cheon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00034a004","article-title":"High sensitivity tracer detection using high-precision gas chromatography-combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry and highly enriched [U-13C]-labeled precursors","volume":"64","author":"Goodman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/123.11.1939","article-title":"AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet","volume":"123","author":"Reeves","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1159\/000140928","article-title":"Nuclear morphology, according to sex, in human tissues","volume":"21","author":"Moore","year":"1954","journal-title":"Acta Anat. (Basel)."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0516584","article-title":"Acetonitrile covalent adduct chemical ionization mass spectrometry for double bond localization in non-methylene-interrupted polyene fatty acid methyl esters","volume":"78","author":"Lawrence","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/56.3.467","article-title":"Reduced tissue arachidonic acid concentration with chronic ethanol feeding in miniature pigs","volume":"56","author":"Nakamura","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M500237-JLR200","article-title":"Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha is required for feedback regulation of highly unsaturated fatty acid synthesis","volume":"46","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2006.00480.x","article-title":"Time course changes of scratching counts, dermatitis symptoms, and levels of cutaneous prostaglandins in NC\/Nga mice","volume":"15","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M800630-JLR200","article-title":"An alternate pathway to long chain polyunsaturates: the FADS2 gene product u8-desaturates 20:2n-6 and 20:3n-3","volume":"50","author":"Park","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12123.x","article-title":"Identification of the delta-6 desaturase of human sebaceous glands: expression and enzyme activity","volume":"120","author":"Ge","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2260","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.9.2260","article-title":"Targeted disruption of stearoyl-CoA desaturase1 gene in mice causes atrophy of sebaceous and meibomian glands and depletion of wax esters in the eyelid","volume":"131","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/9.3.461","article-title":"Development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesion with IgE hyperproduction in NC\/Nga mice","volume":"9","author":"Matsuda","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2004.10.031","article-title":"Prostanoid DP1 receptor agonist inhibits the pruritic activity in NC\/Nga mice with atopic dermatitis","volume":"505","author":"Arai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib29","series-title":"Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology","first-page":"121","article-title":"Gastrointestinal tract","author":"Bertram","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-007-1578-0","article-title":"Upper gastrointestinal disorders induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs","volume":"16","author":"Chiba","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03530.x","article-title":"Clinical and endoscopic features of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced colonic ulcerations","volume":"96","author":"Kurahara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.049304","article-title":"Lipid remodeling of murine epididymosomes and spermatozoa during epididymal maturation","volume":"74","author":"Rejraji","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2400891","article-title":"The occurrence of polyenoic fatty acids with greater than 22 carbon atoms in mammalian spermatozoa","volume":"240","author":"Poulos","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)32521-9","article-title":"Uneven distribution of desmosterol and docosahexaenoic acid in the heads and tails of monkey sperm","volume":"39","author":"Connor","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib35","series-title":"Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology","first-page":"585","article-title":"Immune system","author":"Kuper","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib36","series-title":"Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology","first-page":"847","article-title":"Female reproductive system","author":"Yuan","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2008.156","article-title":"Delta6-Desaturase (FADS2) deficiency unveils the role of omega3- and omega6-polyunsaturated fatty acids","volume":"27","author":"Stoffel","year":"2008","journal-title":"EMBO J."}],"container-title":["Journal of Lipid Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022227520307392?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022227520307392?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1194\/jlr.M900039-JLR200","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,20]],"date-time":"2021-11-20T10:19:35Z","timestamp":1637403575000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022227520307392"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022227520307392"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1194\/jlr.m900039-jlr200","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2275","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]}}}