{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:02:22Z","timestamp":1773288142218,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,17]],"date-time":"2006-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1163721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":47,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:sc><\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Ixodes ricinus (I. ricinus)<\/jats:italic> is one of the vectors of <jats:italic>Anaplasma phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum)<\/jats:italic> in Europe, in which rates of infection range from 1.9% to 34%. In 1998, human granulocytic ehrlichiosis\u2010like (HGE\u2010like) <jats:italic>Ehrlichia<\/jats:italic> DNA was detected in Italy, by PCR technique in one <jats:italic>I. ricinus<\/jats:italic> nymph out of 55 ticks that were examined. In 1996, 6.3% of 310 human sera in high\u2010risk subjects from Italy were found positive for antibodies to <jats:italic>Ehrlichia phagocytophila (E. phagocytophila)<\/jats:italic>. In the same year, the authors reported the first case of equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis. In 1997, only 2 out of 563 equine blood samples examined were found positive for antibodies to <jats:italic>E. phagocytophila<\/jats:italic> in the Latium region. In 1998, serological positivity was not observed in 14 symptomatic race horses. In 2002, a symptomatic horse living in Rome was found positive for <jats:italic>Ehrlichia equi (E. equi)<\/jats:italic> antibodies, as confirmed by PCR. <jats:italic>E. equi<\/jats:italic> was also demonstrated in horses by detection of specific antibodies from two asymptomatic ponies. We tested 128 sera from sheep in different flocks, and antibodies to <jats:italic>E. phagocytophila<\/jats:italic> were detected in 17 sera (13.3%) of these sheep. From 2000 to 2004, 147 dog sera were tested for antibodies against <jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum,<\/jats:italic> and 7 of these sera were positive (4.8%). These data confirm the presence of the infection in human, domestic animals, and pets in Italy. Studies are under way to correlate the distributions of the disease and tick vector, <jats:italic>I. ricinus.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1373.053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,30]],"date-time":"2006-11-30T00:48:38Z","timestamp":1164847718000},"page":"360-370","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["New Findings on Anaplasmosis Caused by Infection with <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1081","author":[{"given":"EUGENIO","family":"LILLINI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"GLADIA","family":"MACR\u00cc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"GABRIELLA","family":"PROIETTI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"MANUELA","family":"SCARPULLA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-51-6-2145","article-title":"Reorganization of genera in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiales: unification of some species of Ehrlichia with Anaplasma, Cowdria with Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia with Neorickettsia, descriptions of six new species combinations and designation of Ehrlichia equi and \u2018HGE agent\u2019 as subjective synonyms of Ehrlichia phagocytophila","volume":"51","author":"Dumler J.S.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. 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