{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T11:02:47Z","timestamp":1778151767797,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,12]],"date-time":"2006-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1137024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":468,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>A<jats:sc>bstract<\/jats:sc>: <\/jats:bold> Leishmaniasis is a typical example of a worldwide diffused zoonosis. Geographic distribution depends on the presence of sand fly vectors and animal reservoirs. In Southern Europe, canines are considered the main reservoir of infection, and the phlebotomines are the vectors. In Sicily, as in all Mediterranean areas, sand flies are present almost all year around because the climate permits an uninterrupted lifecycle for the vectors. Visceral leishmaniasis is becoming a real public health concern especially in endemic areas; in fact, it is an opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients and in HIV\u2010positive subjects. In Italy, the visceral form of the disease is due exclusively to <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic> ZMON1, and its prevalence is growing. We have developed a highly accurate, reproducible, and sensible real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. In a procedure that used a specific couple of primers, a 117\u2010bp fragment was amplified from minicircle kinetoplast DNA (kDNA). The assay was able to detect even a single parasite (200 fg of DNA). In fact, a single parasite contains hundreds of kinetoplast minicircles for each class. We applied a rapid extraction method coupled with the real\u2010time PCR assay. It was not only as sensitive as a conventional PCR assay for detection of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> kDNA, but also more rapid. The assay is useful for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis in dogs and humans, and it facilitates the monitoring of parasite levels during pharmacological treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1307.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,16]],"date-time":"2004-12-16T23:57:42Z","timestamp":1103241462000},"page":"139-143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["TaqMan\u2010Based Detection of <i>Leishmania infantum<\/i> DNA Using Canine Samples"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1026","author":[{"given":"F","family":"VITALE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"REALE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"VITALE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"PETROTTA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"TORINA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"CARACAPPA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bretagne S.et al.2001. Real\u2010time PCR as a new tool for quantifyingLeishmania infantumin liver in infected mice. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol.8(4): 828\u2013831.","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.8.4.828-831.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buffet P.et al.1995. Culture microtitration: a sensitive method for quantifyingLeishmania infantumin tissues of infected mice. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.39(9): 2167\u20132168.","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.9.2167"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lachaud L.et al.2000. Optimized PCR using patient blood samples for diagnosis and follow\u2010up of visceralLeishmaniasis with special reference to AIDS patients. J. Clin. Microbiol.38(1): 236\u2013240.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.1.236-240.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","unstructured":"Vitale F. & S. Reale. Cloning and sequences of mini circle DNA kinetoplast variable region from Leishmania infantumIPT1. Unpublished."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reale S.et al.1999. Detection ofLeishmania infantumin dogs by PCR with lymph node aspirates and blood. J. Clin. Microbiol.37(9): 2931\u20132935.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.9.2931-2935.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nicolas L.et al.2002. Real\u2010time PCR for detection and quantitation of Leishmania in mouse tissues. J. Clin. Microbiol.40(5): 1666\u20131669.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.5.1666-1669.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Solano\u2010Gallego L.et al.2001. Prevalence ofLeishmania infantuminfection in dogs living in an area of canine leishmaniasis endemicity using PCR on several tissues and serology. J. Clin. Microbiol.39(2): 560\u2013563.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.2.560-563.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lachaud L.et al.2002. Comparison of six PCR methods using peripheral blood for detection of canine visceral leishmaniasis. J. Clin. Microbiol.40(1): 210\u2013215.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.1.210-215.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lachaud L.et al.2001. Comparison of various sample preparation methods for PCR diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis using peripheral blood. J. Clin. Microbiol.39(2): 613\u2013617.","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.2.613-617.2001"}],"container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1196%2Fannals.1307.018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1196\/annals.1307.018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T01:59:22Z","timestamp":1695607162000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1196\/annals.1307.018"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1196\/annals.1307.018"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1307.018","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0077-8923","1749-6632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0077-8923","type":"print"},{"value":"1749-6632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]}}}