{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T22:50:01Z","timestamp":1790722201469,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,9]],"date-time":"2006-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":283,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>A<jats:sc>bstract<\/jats:sc>: <\/jats:bold> Eye movements in response to high\u2010acceleration head rotations (thrusts) in the horizontal plane from patients with unilateral (UVD) or bilateral vestibular loss (BVD) were recorded. The rapid, gaze\u2010position corrections (GPCs) that appeared when vestibulo\u2010ocular reflex (VOR) slow phases were undercompensatory were characterized. For comparison, eye movements from normal subjects who were asked to generate saccades in the direction opposite head rotation (in the same direction as slow phases) were recorded. This normal\u2010subject model produced responses with spatial and temporal characteristics similar to those from GPCs in patients as follows: When head rotations were generated actively, compared with passively, gaze\u2010position errors and corresponding GPCs were smaller and occurred earlier. During passively generated head thrusts, GPCs still occurred when head rotations were made in total darkness, though their accuracy decreased as the requirement for maintaining gaze on a specific location in space was relaxed. Time of onset of GPCs was not rigidly tied to head kinematics (peak velocity or peak acceleration). Speeds of GPCs, however, were lower than speeds of similar\u2010sized, head\u2010fixed saccades. Finally, during passive and active head thrusts in patients, sustained, high\u2010frequency (20 to 30 Hz) oscillations that appeared as tiny saccades were occasionally observed, one immediately following the other, resembling a compensatory slow\u2010phase response. Taken together, the results suggest that one strategy for overcoming a VOR deficit is to enlist the saccadic system to produce an oculomotor response that is required to compensate for head rotation. This response may come in the form of high\u2010velocity GPCs or smaller\u2010amplitude oscillations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1325.032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,12]],"date-time":"2005-04-12T11:02:19Z","timestamp":1113303739000},"page":"337-348","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Gaze Position Corrective Eye Movements in Normal Subjects and in Patients with Vestibular Deficits"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1039","author":[{"given":"GRACE C.Y.","family":"PENG","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LLOYD B.","family":"MINOR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DAVID S.","family":"ZEE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90439-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)64528-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00611.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.9.1044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1303.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002219900320"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1979.sp012650"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1986.sp016043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"1558","article-title":"Combined eye\u2010head gaze shifts in the primate II","volume":"56","author":"Tomlinson R.D.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Interactions between saccades and the vestibuloocular reflex. 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