{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T05:44:17Z","timestamp":1775540657338,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,12]],"date-time":"2006-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1137024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":407,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>A<jats:sc>bstract<\/jats:sc>: <\/jats:bold> Unlike the separation\u2010based, stereotyped views of boys' developmental movement into adulthood, this paper will argue that there are more modern and relational models, as well as multiple pathways, for young males to journey through such rites of passage. Indeed, it will be suggested and supported by both qualitative and quantitative data that the more classic models depend on a \u201cboy code\u201d of traumatic separation from mother and the feminine, a process that is not only negative rather than positive in its developmental trajectory, but also likely to create a premature traumatic separation, leaving boys at risk for emotional maladjustment, everyday sadness, increased incidence of depression and the potential for violence toward the self, suicide, as well as violence toward others. More\u2010positive visions and versions of male rites of passage will be posited and described. The definition of emotional \u201cresilience\u201d during this significant period will be re\u2010addressed as one of \u201chealthy vulnerability,\u201d sustained through connection to loving adults, rather than a classic belief in stoicism and release from relational ties. Attachment theory will be brought to bear and the desperate yearnings of adolescent males not only for connection to adult mentors, but also for non\u2010romanticized friendships with adolescent females, will be discussed. Finally, the understanding and substitution of these new, more positive, developmental pathways will be linked to the prevention of violence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1330.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,7]],"date-time":"2005-04-07T18:08:19Z","timestamp":1112897299000},"page":"141-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Male Adolescent Rites of Passage: Positive Visions of Multiple Developmental Pathways"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1036","author":[{"given":"WILLIAM S.","family":"POLLACK","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","unstructured":"Pollack W.S. 1998. Real Boys: Rescuing Our Sons from the Myths of Boyhood. Random House. New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","first-page":"7","article-title":"The sacrifice of Isaac: a new psychology of boys and men","volume":"4","author":"Pollack W.S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Society for the Psychological Study of Men and Masculinity Bull."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","unstructured":"Pollack W. S. 2000. Real Boys' Voices. Random House. New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","unstructured":"Pollack W.S. 2004. Sustaining and re\u2010framing vulnerability and connection: creating genuine resilience in boys and young males.InHandbook of Resilience in Children. S. Goldstein & R. Brooks Eds. Plenum.New York. In press."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","unstructured":"Pollack W. S. 1995. No man is an island: toward a new psychoanalytic psychology of men.InA New Psychology of Men. R. Levant & W. Pollack Eds.:33\u201367. Basic Books. New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","first-page":"30","article-title":"Deconstructing dis\u2010identification: rethinking psychoanalytic concepts of male development","volume":"12","author":"Pollack W.S.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychoanal. Psychother."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","unstructured":"Majors R. & J.M. Bilson. 1992. Cool Pose. Simon & Schuster. New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","unstructured":"Gilligan C. 1982. In A Different Voice. Harvard University Press. Cambridge MA."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","unstructured":"Schore A.N. 2003 Affect Dysregulation and Disorders of the Self. Norton. New York."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","unstructured":"Dahl R. E. 2004. See abstract at eBriefing of this conference \u3008http:\/\/www.nyas.org\/yvp\u3009."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550100049038"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilligan C. 2004. Strengthening healthy resistance and courage in children: a gender\u2010based strategy for preventing youth violence. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.1036:128\u2013140 [this volume].","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1330.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fein R. B. Vossekuil W. Pollack et al.2002. Threat Assessment in Schools: A Guide to Managing Threatening Situations and to Creating Safe School Climates. U.S. Department of Education & U.S Secret Service (National Threat Assessment Center). Washington DC.","DOI":"10.1037\/e505192006-001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fonagy W.S. 2004. Early\u2010life trauma and the psychogenesis and prevention of violence. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.1036:181\u2013200 [this volume].","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1330.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Twemlow S. P. Fonagy & F.C. Sacco. 2004. The role of the bystander in the social architecture of bullying and violence in schools and communities. Ann. N.Y. Acad. 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