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While specific immunotherapy (SIT) is effective in desensitization against inhalant allergens, it is unadvised against food allergy because of the high risk of adverse side effects. A review of the recent literature shows that various approaches have been taken to develop safer and more effective SIT regimens. Here we discuss the use of recombinant allergens, peptides, DNA vaccines, immunostimulatory DNA sequences, and other bacterial products in SIT. In addition, we review nonspecific therapies such as anti\u2010IgE administration and cytokine therapy as well as natural therapies such as probiotics and Chinese herbal medications. In conclusion, anti\u2010IgE treatment and SIT using hypoallergenic recombinant allergens in combination with Th1\u2010inducing adjuvants appear the most promising approaches. New initiatives to increase our understanding of the pathophysiology and immunologic mechanisms of food allergy along with the molecular characterization of food allergens should pave the way towards safer and more effective ways of combating this debilitating and potentially life\u2010threatening disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1352.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,30]],"date-time":"2005-12-30T21:37:40Z","timestamp":1135978660000},"page":"30-45","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Fighting Food Allergy: Current Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1056","author":[{"given":"NATALIE E.","family":"NIEUWENHUIZEN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ANDREAS 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