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Antiretroviral chemotherapeutics have decreased AIDS mortality in industrialized countries, but only minimally in developing countries. To prevent an analogous dichotomy, microbicides should be acceptable, accessible, affordable, and accelerative in transition from development to marketing. Already marketed pharmaceutical excipients (inactive materials of drug dosage forms) or foods, with established safety records and adequate anti\u2010HIV\u20101 activity, may provide this option. Therefore, fruit juices were screened for inhibitory activity against HIV\u20101 IIIB using CD4 and CXCR4 as cell receptors. The best juice was tested for inhibition of: (1) infection by HIV\u20101 BaL, utilizing CCR5 as the cellular coreceptor, and (2) binding of gp120 IIIB and gp120 BaL, respectively, to CXCR4 and CCR5. To remove most colored juice components, the adsorption of the effective ingredient(s) to dispersible excipients and other foods was investigated. A selected complex was assayed for inhibition of infection by primary HIV\u20101 isolates. The results indicate that HIV\u20101 entry inhibitors from pomegranate juice adsorb onto corn starch. The resulting complex blocks virus binding to CD4 and CXCR4\/CCR5 and inhibits infection by primary virus clades A to G and group O. Therefore, these results suggest the possibility of producing an anti\u2010HIV\u20101 microbicide from inexpensive, widely available sources, whose safety has been established throughout centuries, provided that its quality is adequately standardized and monitored.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1352.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,30]],"date-time":"2005-12-30T21:37:40Z","timestamp":1135978660000},"page":"311-327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["<i>Punica granatum<\/i> (Pomegranate) Juice Provides an HIV\u20101 Entry Inhibitor and Candidate Topical Microbicide"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1056","author":[{"given":"A ROBERT","family":"NEURATH","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"NATHAN","family":"STRICK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YUN\u2010YAO","family":"LI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ASIM K.","family":"DEBNATH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","unstructured":"UNAIDS\/WHO. 2004. 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