{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T09:37:08Z","timestamp":1789205828726,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,8]],"date-time":"2006-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1165536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":37,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:sc><\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>Fatigue is evoked not only by peripheral factors, such as muscle fatigue, but also by the central nervous system (CNS). For example, it is generally known that the feeling of fatigue is greatly influenced by psychological aspects, such as motivation. However, little is known about the central mechanisms of fatigue. The clinical symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) are shown to include disorders in neuroendocrine, autonomic, and immune systems. On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that cytokines produced in the brain play significant roles in neural\u2013immune interactions through their various central actions, including hypothalamo\u2010pituitary and sympathetic activation, as well as immunosuppression. In this article, using the immunologically induced fatigue model, which was achieved by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of synthetic double\u2010stranded RNAs, polyriboinosinic: polyribocytidylic acid (poly I:C) in rats, we show an involvement of brain interferon\u2010\u03b1 (IFN\u2010\u03b1) and serotonin (5\u2010HT) transporter (5\u2010HTT) in the central mechanisms of fatigue. In the poly I:C\u2010induced fatigue rats, expression of IFN\u2010\u03b1 and 5\u2010HTT increased, while extracellular concentration of 5\u2010HT in the medial prefrontal cortex decreased, probably on account of the enhanced expression of 5\u2010HTT. Since the poly I:C\u2010induced reduction of the running wheel activity was attenuated by a 5\u2010HT<jats:sub>1A<\/jats:sub> receptor agonist, but not by 5\u2010HT<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, 5\u2010HT<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, or dopamine D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> receptor agonists, it is suggested that the decrease in 5\u2010HT actions on 5\u2010HT<jats:sub>1A<\/jats:sub> receptors may at least partly contribute to the poly I:C\u2010induced fatigue.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1366.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,27]],"date-time":"2006-12-27T23:33:25Z","timestamp":1167262405000},"page":"230-237","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Brain Cytokines and the 5\u2010HT System during Poly I:C\u2010Induced Fatigue"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1088","author":[{"given":"TOSHIHIKO","family":"KATAFUCHI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TETSUYA","family":"KONDO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SACHIKO","family":"TAKE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MEGUMU","family":"YOSHIMURA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)00087-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(98)00160-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(98)00155-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00282-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.60.5.495"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","first-page":"517","volume-title":"Psychoneuroimmunology","author":"Hori T.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(95)93890-A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(92)90194-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(99)00276-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(03)00365-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04478.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(94)90046-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(94)90560-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.102.6.2244"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00766.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35099560"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/354066a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1994.62062362.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0186(05)80003-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.741241.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(98)00187-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M410858200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01530.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05824.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199806000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019680"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","first-page":"R453","article-title":"Central interferon\u2010\u03b1 inhibits natural killer cytotoxicity through sympathetic innervation","volume":"265","author":"Take S.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. 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