{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:28:39Z","timestamp":1791289719253,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]],"date-time":"2006-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:sc><\/jats:bold><jats:bold>Although rickettsioses are among the oldest known vector\u2010borne zoonoses, several species or subspecies of rickettsias have been identified in recent years as emerging pathogens throughout the world including in sub\u2010Saharan Africa. To date, six tick\u2010borne spotted fever group pathogenic rickettsias are known to occur in sub\u2010Saharan Africa, including<jats:italic>Rickettsia conorii conorii<\/jats:italic>, the agent of Mediterranean spotted fever;<jats:italic>R. conorii caspia<\/jats:italic>, the agent of Astrakhan fever;<jats:italic>R. africae<\/jats:italic>, the agent of African tick\u2010bite fever;<jats:italic>R. aeschlimannii<\/jats:italic>;<jats:italic>R. sibirica mongolitimonae<\/jats:italic>; and<jats:italic>R. massiliae<\/jats:italic>. On the other hand, fleas have long been known as vectors of the ubiquitous murine typhus, a typhus group rickettsiosis induced by<jats:italic>R. typhi<\/jats:italic>. However, a new spotted fever rickettsia,<jats:italic>R. felis<\/jats:italic>, has also been found to be associated with fleas, to be a human pathogen, and to be present in sub\u2010Saharan Africa. Finally,<jats:italic>R. prowazekii<\/jats:italic>the agent of louse\u2010borne epidemic typhus continues to strikes tens to hundreds of thousands of persons who live in Sub\u2010Saharan with civil war, famine and poor conditions. We present an overview of these rickettsioses occurring in sub\u2010Saharan Africa, focusing on the epidemiological aspects of emerging diseases.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1374.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,18]],"date-time":"2006-11-18T02:13:56Z","timestamp":1163816036000},"page":"42-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Rickettsioses in Sub\u2010Saharan Africa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1078","author":[{"given":"PHILIPPE","family":"PAROLA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.4.719-756.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-5-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105173442003"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00739-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1003.020713"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07356.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-47-2-548"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_2","first-page":"732","article-title":"Rickettsia aeschlimannii in Hyalomma ticks from Corsica","volume":"23","author":"Matsumoto K.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. 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