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Studies over the past decade have implicated a role for T cells in the pathogenesis of AAV as altered T cell phenotype has been observed in this disorder. The distribution of T cell subpopulations has been analyzed most intensely in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), where an expanded population of circulating CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> effector memory T cells (CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T<jats:sub>EM<\/jats:sub>) was demonstrated. CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T<jats:sub>EM<\/jats:sub> cells play a major role in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases. Specific suppression of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T<jats:sub>EM<\/jats:sub> cells inhibits delayed\u2010type hypersensitivity (DTH) and has therapeutic potential in autoimmune disease. Thus, CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T<jats:sub>EM<\/jats:sub> cells may act as inducers of tissue injury and participate in the development of AAV. Therapies that target CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T<jats:sub>EM<\/jats:sub>, without impairing the activity of other lymphocyte subsets, may hold therapeutic promise for AAV<\/jats:bold>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1381.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,5]],"date-time":"2007-09-05T15:32:48Z","timestamp":1189006368000},"page":"22-31","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["CD4\u2010Positive Effector Memory T Cells Participate in Disease Expression in ANCA\u2010Associated Vasculitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1107","author":[{"given":"WAYEL H.","family":"ABDULAHAD","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"COEN A.","family":"STEGEMAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PIETER C.","family":"LIMBURG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CEES G.M.","family":"KALLENBERG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199711203372106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)80118-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21253"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/14.7.1667"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215918"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1991.tb05647.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)91030-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000166898"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1987.288"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200201000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/89.12.903"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","first-page":"351","article-title":"Compassionate treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis with rabbit anti\u2010thymocyte globulin","volume":"43","author":"Hagen E.C.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. 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