{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T14:59:06Z","timestamp":1761058746454},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,28]],"date-time":"2007-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1196208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract<\/jats:sc>:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>Periprosthetic osteolysis poses a significant clinical problem for patients who have undergone total joint arthroplastic surgeries. It has been widely recognized that there is a strong correlation between wear particles from orthopedic implants and osteolysis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying osteolysis still remains unclear. Although wear particles interact with a mixed cellular environment, namely macrophages and immune cells, osteoblasts compose the majority of the cell population surrounding orthopedic implants. Osteoblasts are also one of the major sources of receptor activator of nuclear factor\u2010kappa beta (NF\u2010\u03baB) ligand (RANKL), a factor necessary for osteoclastogenesis. However, macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor (M\u2010CSF), another cytokine responsible for preosteoclast proliferation, must also be present with RANKL for osteoclastogenesis to occur. The purpose of our study is to determine the signal transduction pathway by which titanium (Ti) particles, a metallic component of many orthopedic implants, induce M\u2010CSF expression in MC3T3.E1 murine calvarial preosteoblastic cells. Using reverse transcriptase\u2010polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) and enzyme\u2010 linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), our study demonstrated that submicron\u2010sized Ti particles induce M\u2010CSF expression via the extracellular signal\u2010regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in a dose\u2010dependent manner. Moreover, inhibition studies showed that a specific ERK inhibitor, PD98059, significantly downregulated M\u2010CSF production. Our results support the hypothesis that submicron\u2010sized Ti particles can induce M\u2010CSF expression in osteoblasts and thus may have a significant role in contributing to the onset of periprosthetic osteolysis.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1402.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,1]],"date-time":"2007-12-01T03:33:08Z","timestamp":1196479988000},"page":"151-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["ERK Signaling Regulates Macrophage Colony\u2010Stimulating Factor Expression Induced by Titanium Particles in MC3T3.E1 Murine Calvarial Preosteoblastic Cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1117","author":[{"given":"SUNG W.","family":"SEO","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DANIEL","family":"LEE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SAMUEL K","family":"CHO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ABRAHAM D.","family":"KIM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HIROSHI","family":"MINEMATSU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AYSE B.","family":"CELIL AYDEMIR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JEFFREY A.","family":"GELLER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"WILLIAM","family":"MACAULAY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JAY","family":"YANG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FRANCIS","family":"YOUNG\u2010IN LEE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01658"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500693102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.2.192"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9969(98)00082-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI26132"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2006.12.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20289"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0883-5403(99)90035-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002239900145"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00045391-199601000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.3.501"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223001125"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100180321"}],"container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1196%2Fannals.1402.027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1196\/annals.1402.027","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T00:51:02Z","timestamp":1695603062000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1196\/annals.1402.027"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1196\/annals.1402.027"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1402.027","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0077-8923","1749-6632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0077-8923","type":"print"},{"value":"1749-6632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}}}