{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T20:23:10Z","timestamp":1783714990978,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]],"date-time":"2008-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Antibodies to muscle\u2010specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK\u2010Ab) are detected in approximately 40% of generalized acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody\u2010negative myasthenia gravis (MG). Based on a growing number of clinical series, a MuSK\u2010Ab\u2010positive phenotype is emerging. While these clinical patterns are not wholly distinct from either AChR\u2010Ab\u2010positive or seronegative (both AChR\u2010Ab and MuSK\u2010Ab\u2010negative) MG, they are still helpful in identifying these patients. MuSK\u2010Ab\u2010positive MG patients are predominantly female with more prominent cranial and bulbar involvement and more frequent crises than other MG populations. Disease onset tends to be earlier, generally by the third or fourth decade. MuSK\u2010Ab\u2010positive patients are more likely to display poor tolerance of or a lack of improvement with anticholinesterase agents. The yield of repetitive nerve stimulation with conventional limb muscles is lower in these patients, but at least three\u2010quarters demonstrate abnormalities on recording of facial\u2010innervated muscles. Similarly, single\u2010fiber electromyography of distal limb muscles tends to have a lower yield of abnormality in MuSK\u2010Ab\u2010positive patients than either AChR\u2010Ab\u2010positive or seronegative MG, whereas jitter is increased in nearly all MuSK\u2010positive patients when proximal limb or cranial musculature is studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1405.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,20]],"date-time":"2008-06-20T23:23:28Z","timestamp":1214004208000},"page":"71-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["<i>Clinical Phenotype of Muscle\u2010specific Tyrosine Kinase\u2010antibody\u2010positive Myasthenia Gravis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1132","author":[{"given":"Gil I.","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin 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