{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T10:31:41Z","timestamp":1774261901998,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,2]],"date-time":"2008-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Academic success and occupational outcome rely on a person's ability to attend to and learn from their surroundings. The cognitive mechanisms underlying these respective skills are impaired in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learning disability (LD). The high co\u2010occurrence between ADHD and the learning disability developmental dyslexia has raised the possibility of a common etiology. We propose that studying the functional anatomy of disordered executive control and reading\u2010related skills using carefully selected paradigms, coupled with rigorous studies of intervention efficacy, provide the most promising avenue for ameliorating these two commonly encountered impediments to learning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1416.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,11]],"date-time":"2009-08-11T12:26:52Z","timestamp":1249993612000},"page":"316-327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["ADHD and Developmental Dyslexia"],"prefix":"10.1196","volume":"1145","author":[{"given":"Guinevere F.","family":"Eden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chandan J.","family":"Vaidya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738040190100401","article-title":"Current status of treatments for dyslexia: critical review","volume":"19","author":"Alexander A. W.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Child Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.8.1322"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000068363.05974.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.156.3.217"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment","author":"Barkley R. A.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.4.1087"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00337.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/301419a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/122.10.1901"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00083-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.01.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.3.289"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1996.01830070053009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.14.1740"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn896"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00011363-199602000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949202500503"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(76)90001-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858404263596"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80537-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Reading development and the teaching of reading","author":"Ehri L. C.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-000-0059-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.3.589"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn936"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb22960.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01447.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15326942DN2002_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.14.1100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(02)00554-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.111.1.127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949102400302"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2001.42.1.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/jcen.24.6.781.8395"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20067"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lou H. C. Henriksen L. &Bruhn P.1984.Focal cerebral hypoperfusion in children with dysphasia and\/or attention deficit disorder.41:825\u2013829.","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1984.04050190031010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lou H. C. Henrikson L. Bruhn P. Berner H. &Nielsen J. B.1989.Striatal dysfunction in attention deficit and hyperkinetic disorder46:48\u201352.","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520370050018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","first-page":"57","volume-title":"Temporal information processing in the nervous system: Special reference to dyslexia and dysphasia","author":"Lovegrove W.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11881-003-0001-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199709000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307389801300904"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02648159"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)01896-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.107.3.468"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1057179"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.1.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.29.3.511"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.6.891"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2003.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1997.00550170042013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1994.00540130037011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.16.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15548430jlr3403_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.9.1650"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000145551.26813.f9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.2.278"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199205000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199407000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200004000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.11.1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2003.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01365-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.5.2636"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.8.1203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9817.1995.tb00079.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05790.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14842-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","author":"Stein J. F.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-002-1082-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(80)90139-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000140452.51205.8d"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/74737"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200102120-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221940103400104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1510350"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.24.14494"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.9.1605"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0021-9630.2003.00305.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221948601901009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.101.2.192"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10480-013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1037\/10480-013","volume-title":"Genetic etiology of comorbid reading difficulties and ADHD","author":"Willcutt E. G.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221940003300206"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.110.1.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-934X(92)90099-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820170011002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199011153232001"}],"container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1196%2Fannals.1416.022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1196\/annals.1416.022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T11:54:38Z","timestamp":1695642878000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1196\/annals.1416.022"}},"subtitle":["Two Pathways Leading to Impaired Learning"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1196\/annals.1416.022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1416.022","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0077-8923","1749-6632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0077-8923","type":"print"},{"value":"1749-6632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}}}