{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T10:56:58Z","timestamp":1790247418780,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,27]],"date-time":"2007-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1190851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract<\/jats:sc>:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:bold>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease, predominantly occurring in women of childbearing age. SLE, like several other autoimmune diseases, is characterized by a striking female predominance and, although sex hormone influences have been suggested as an explanation for this phenomenon, definitive data are still unavailable. Our group recently reported an increased X monosomy in lymphocytes of women, affected with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), systemic sclerosis (SSc), and autoimmune thyroiditis (AITD) in comparison to healthy women, thus suggesting the involvement of this chromosome in female predominance and in the deregulation of the immune system that characterizes autoimmunity. We have now evaluated X monosomy rates in SLE using fluorescence <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> hybridization (FISH) on peripheral mononuclear white blood cells (PBMCs) from female patients compared to healthy age\u2010matched controls. In addition, because of a previous finding of microchimerism as a pathogenetic cause of a number of autoimmune diseases, we investigated the presence of cells carrying the Y chromosome. We did not identify an increased X monosomy in women with SLE compared to controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.3960, SLE vs. HCs, Student's <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test), thus suggesting that a different mechanism of immune deregulation might be predominant in the female population of patients with SLE.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1423.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,2]],"date-time":"2007-10-02T20:20:20Z","timestamp":1191356420000},"page":"84-91","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["X Monosomy in Female Systemic Lupus Erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1110","author":[{"given":"PIETRO","family":"INVERNIZZI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MONICA","family":"MIOZZO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SABINE","family":"OERTELT\u2010PRIGIONE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PIER LUIGI","family":"MERONI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LUCA","family":"PERSANI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CARLO","family":"SELMI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PIER MARIA","family":"BATTEZZATI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MASSIMO","family":"ZUIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SIMONA","family":"LUCCHI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BIANCA","family":"MARASINI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SILVANA","family":"ZENI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MITCHELL","family":"WATNIK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SILVIA","family":"TABANO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SILVIA","family":"MAITZ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SIMONE","family":"PASINI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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