{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T17:34:56Z","timestamp":1758476096777},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,15]],"date-time":"2008-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1229299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The study aimed to determine the incubation period of <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> sp. infection in naive cattle and to monitor the serological response once exposed to natural <jats:italic>Boophilus microplus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Rhipicephalus microplus<\/jats:italic>)\u2010infested paddocks. The study was carried out on a farm located in Veracruz, Mexico. Five groups of five steers were relocated every 3 months from a tick\u2010free area to a tick\u2010infested paddock. Animals were introduced in October, January, April, July, and October. Blood samples were taken daily until day 21 to determine packed cell volume (PCV), percentage of parasitized erythrocytes (PPE), and antibody titers to <jats:italic>Babesia bigemina<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. bovis<\/jats:italic> by the indirect fluorescent antibody procedure. Detection of <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> in blood was also performed by species\u2010specific PCR. The estimated incubation period was 6\u201314 days post introduction to paddocks (PIP), with fever (41\u00b0C) for at least 3 days. PCV decreased by &gt;25% and <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> parasites were observed during the clinical phase of the disease. The highest individual PPEs (0.44% and 0.22% for <jats:italic>B. bovis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. bigemina<\/jats:italic>, respectively) were observed from animals introduced in October. The four other groups showed a mean PPE ranging from 0.002\u20130.146% at day 14 PIP. All animals were detected as PCR positive between 8\u201314 days PIP. The highest antibody titers were 1:3328. The environmental conditions were favorable throughout the year for tick reproduction as the farm showed enzootic stability and hyperendemic conditions for bovine babesiosis. In this type of farm, strategic tick control could be accompanied by babesiosis vaccination, particularly for cattle relocated from tick\u2010free areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1428.072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,11]],"date-time":"2009-08-11T16:35:06Z","timestamp":1250008506000},"page":"131-135","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Infection and Seroconversion of Susceptible Animals Introduced into a Babesiosis Endemic Area"],"prefix":"10.1196","volume":"1149","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Lopez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julio V.","family":"Figueroa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan A.","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan J.","family":"Mosqueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edmundo","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos A.","family":"Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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