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Historically these peculiar postures were considered psychogenic but have now been classified as forms of dystonia. Writer's cramp is the most commonly identified task\u2010specific dystonia and has features typical of this group of disorders. Symptoms may begin with lack of dexterity during performance of a specific motor task with increasingly abnormal posturing of the involved body part as motor activity continues. Initially, the dystonia may manifest only during the performance of the inciting task, but as the condition progresses it may also occur during other activities or even at rest. Neurological exam is usually unremarkable except for the dystonia\u2010related abnormalities. Although the precise pathophysiology remains unclear, increasing evidence suggests reduced inhibition at different levels of the sensorimotor system. Symptomatic treatment options include oral medications, botulinum toxin injections, neurosurgical procedures, and adaptive strategies. Prognosis may vary depending upon body part involved and specific type of task affected. Further research may reveal new insights into the etiology, pathophysiology, natural history, and improved treatment of these conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1444.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,11]],"date-time":"2009-08-11T12:07:53Z","timestamp":1249992473000},"page":"179-199","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Task\u2010specific Dystonias"],"prefix":"10.1196","volume":"1142","author":[{"given":"Diego","family":"Torres\u2010Russotto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel S.","family":"Perlmutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.5_Suppl_5.S1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","first-page":"177","article-title":"Natural history of idiopathic torsion dystonia","volume":"14","author":"Marsden C.D.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Adv. 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