{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T03:10:41Z","timestamp":1791861041707,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive disease, with substantial recurrence risk after radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection alone. In cisplatin-eligible patients, administration of neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy has been shown to improve overall survival (OS) and has become the standard of care. Nevertheless, approximately 40%-50% of patients will still experience disease recurrence after curative-intent treatment. Moreover, a significant proportion of patients with MIBC are ineligible for cisplatin and represent a challenging clinical scenario. In recent years, different strategies aiming to improve patient outcomes by incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment paradigm were explored. Two key management approaches emerged: neoadjuvant chemotherapy with risk-adapted adjuvant immunotherapy and universal perioperative immunotherapy-based treatment. We review the rationale, current evidence, challenges, and future directions for the perioperative management of muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1200\/edbk-25-472822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T15:59:07Z","timestamp":1747756747000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Advancing Perioperative Treatment Options for Localized Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Step Forward"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Maria J.","family":"Ribal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarek","family":"Ajami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"Vilaseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leilei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Sternschuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne K.","family":"Schuckman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.3.666"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.05.101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022148"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.32.3139"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2005.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.02051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00587-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2408154"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2034442"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.24.00340"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","volume-title":"FDA Approves Nivolumab for Adjuvant Treatment of Urothelial Carcinoma","author":"US Food and Drug Administration","year":"2024","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration: FDA Approves Nivolumab for Adjuvant Treatment of Urothelial Carcinoma. 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