{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T23:08:21Z","timestamp":1782601701472,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"37","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Cutaneous malignancies make up the greatest proportion of all human cancers and include melanomas as well as nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), as well as less common Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), cutaneous lymphomas, cutaneous adnexal tumors, Kaposi sarcomas, and other sarcomas. Each of these NMSCs differ significantly in biology, clinical behavior, and optimal treatment recommendations from each other and from cutaneous melanoma. Similarly, less common extracutaneous melanomas, such as mucosal (MMs) and uveal (UMs), are unique biologic and clinical entities that require distinct diagnostic and management considerations. In this review, we summarize recent advances in biology and treatment of extracutaneous melanomas and NMSCs, including MMs, UMs, cSCC, BCC, and MCC. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1200\/edbk_175265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,29]],"date-time":"2018-10-29T17:53:53Z","timestamp":1540835633000},"page":"641-650","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Advances in the Treatment of Advanced Extracutaneous Melanomas and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers"],"prefix":"10.1200","author":[{"given":"Kimberly M.","family":"Komatsubara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; City of Hope, Duarte, CA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Jeter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; City of Hope, Duarte, CA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Carvajal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; City of Hope, Duarte, CA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Margolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; City of Hope, Duarte, CA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Schadendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; City of Hope, Duarte, CA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Hauschild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH; City of Hope, Duarte, CA; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"bibr1-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.01.040"},{"key":"bibr2-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19981015)83:8<1664::AID-CNCR23>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"bibr3-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20866"},{"key":"bibr4-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0538"},{"key":"bibr5-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.12.1639","volume":"123","author":"Diener-West M","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"bibr6-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2015-0522","volume":"21","author":"Kuk D","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"bibr7-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-0739"},{"key":"bibr8-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1000584"},{"key":"bibr9-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2013.138","volume":"27","author":"Griewank KG","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"bibr10-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07586"},{"key":"bibr11-EDBK_175265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piperno-Neumann S, Kapiteijn E, Larkin J, et al. 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