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The standard of care for patients with resectable clinical stage III melanoma is surgical resection, consisting of therapeutic lymph node dissection and\/or resection of in-transit disease and consideration of adjuvant systemic therapy and occasionally adjuvant radiation. These patients have high rates of regional recurrence and progression to metastatic disease postsurgery, highlighting the need for better treatment options. With the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in both the adjuvant and metastatic settings, the use of these agents in the neoadjuvant setting has been an emerging area of research interest. In this chapter, we will discuss the rationale for neoadjuvant immunotherapy; review impactful clinical trials; and define response monitoring, surgical considerations, emerging therapies, and unanswered questions for neoadjuvant therapy as a recent paradigm shift in the management of clinical stage III melanoma. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1200\/edbk_390614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T19:59:10Z","timestamp":1682711950000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Melanoma: The Paradigm Shift"],"prefix":"10.1200","author":[{"given":"Tina J.","family":"Hieken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Rochester, MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Firas","family":"Kreidieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 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