{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T08:58:18Z","timestamp":1765961898098,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["ascopubs.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCO Glob Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study estimated the childhood cancer incidence in Zimbabwe between January 2015 and December 2021.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>PATIENTS AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Data collected from Zimbabwe's KidzCan database and patient files included demographic data (sex, date of birth, age at diagnosis, and geographic home region), cancer diagnosis, and orphanhood. The age-specific incidence rate per million population at risk for children age 0-14 and 0-19 years was calculated using the United Nations Statistics Division population estimates for Zimbabwe in 2021, with estimates for 0-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, and 15-19 years age groups.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 1,090 cases were identified, of which 1,024 were analyzed; 66 were excluded because of missing data. The median age was 4 years (range, 0-17 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1. More than half (54.2%; 555) were between age 0 and 4 years. Most patients had solid tumors (70.4%). The study's age-specific rates were 161.76\/million population at risk for the 0-14 years age group compared with the reported International Incidence of Childhood Cancer-3 data for Zimbabwe (1993-2013) of 126.3\/million, whereas it was 132.75\/million population at risk for the 0-19 years age group. The most common cancers were nephroblastoma (22.1%), acute leukemia (21%), and retinoblastoma (15%).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study provides crucial incidence data regarding childhood cancer in Zimbabwe, which may assist in policy planning to achieve the 2030 WHO goal of a 60% cure rate. These results indicate the crucial role of civil society organizations such as KidzCan in assisting the Zimbabwe government in managing childhood cancer.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/go-24-00541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T19:59:31Z","timestamp":1749671971000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Childhood Cancer in Zimbabwe: A Review of KidzCan's Database"],"prefix":"10.1200","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0616-319X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laura P.V.","family":"Sibanda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa"},{"name":"KidzCan Zimbabwe, Rainbow Children's Village, Harare, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3370-0874","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anel","family":"Van Zyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tonya M.","family":"Esterhuizen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa"},{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Mackenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KidzCan Zimbabwe, Rainbow Children's Village, Harare, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loyce","family":"Hlatywayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KidzCan Zimbabwe, Rainbow Children's Village, Harare, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patience","family":"Kuona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Oncology Department, Parirenyatwa Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe"},{"name":"Department of Child, Adolescent and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6838-0180","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mariana","family":"Kruger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa"},{"name":"School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30909-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30022-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30273-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_6_2","unstructured":"Esa S\/ Stat\/ \/Ser. 2022 Demographic Yearbook Annuaire d\u00e9mographique Seventy-third issue\/Soixante-treizi\u00e8me \u00e9dition Department of Economic and Social Affairs D\u00e9partement des affaires \u00e9conomiques et sociales 2023. https:\/\/unstats.un.org\/unsd\/demographic-social\/products\/dyb\/dybsets\/2022.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_7_2","volume-title":"Pattern of Cancer in Zimbabwe: Zimbabwe National Cancer Registry 2018 Annual Report","author":"Chokunonga E","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chokunonga E, Borok MZ, Chingonzoh T, et al: Pattern of Cancer in Zimbabwe: Zimbabwe National Cancer Registry 2018 Annual Report. Harare, Zimbabwe, Bradbury Publishing, 2022"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_8_2","volume-title":"National Cancer Prevention and Control Strategy for Zimbabwe 2014-2018","author":"Ministry of Health and Child Care","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Child Care: National Cancer Prevention and Control Strategy for Zimbabwe 2014-2018. Harare, Zimbabwe, Ministry of Health and Childcare, 2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_9_2","unstructured":"UN General Assembly: Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development pp 1-35 2015. http\/\/www.refworld.org\/docid\/57b6e3e44.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_10_2","unstructured":"Kidzcan Zimbabwe 2023. https:\/\/kidzcanzimbabwe.org"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20910"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_12_2","first-page":"10","article-title":"Easy way to learn standardization: Direct and indirect methods","volume":"7","author":"Naing NN","year":"2000","unstructured":"Naing NN: Easy way to learn standardization: Direct and indirect methods. Malays J Med Sci 7:10-15, 2000","journal-title":"Malays J Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_13_2","volume-title":"International Incidence of Childhood Cancer","author":"Steliarova-Foucher E","year":"2017","unstructured":"Steliarova-Foucher E, Colombet M, Ries L, et al: Classification of tumours, in Steliarova-Foucher E, Colombet M, Ries L, et al (eds): International Incidence of Childhood Cancer. Lyon, France, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2017, pp 719-731"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmv005"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-19-0941"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2017.ed69"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.60.6376"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_18_2","unstructured":"Howlader N Noone A Krapcho M et al: SEER cancer statistics review 1975-2017. Bethesda MA 2020. https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/csr\/1975-2017"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_19_2","unstructured":"Bletran M Cerezo R: Technical Advisory Group on IMCI (IMCI-TAG): Intergrated management in the context of the maternal newborn child integrated health continuum; Report of the 8th meeting: Chapter 9. New IMCI components: IMCI and Cancer 2011. https:\/\/www.paho.org\/en\/documents\/technical-advisory-group-imci-imci-tag-report-8th-meeting"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30186-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2017.755"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011577"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.138750"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2021.2013900"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nop\/npaa086"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox091"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_27_2","unstructured":"Wild CP Weiderpass E Stewart BW: Cancer research for cancer prevention World Cancer Report 2020. http:\/\/publications.iarc.fr\/586"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33619"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_29_2","unstructured":"Chitsike I Ndlovu N Kuona P et al: Childhood cancers in Zimbabwe: A 10 year review of the Zimbabwe National Cancer Registry Data 2015. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/279912688"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33673"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00720-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_32_2","unstructured":"Closing the gaps: The Global Platform\u2019s approach to childhood cancer medicine access. cdn.who.int\/media\/docs\/default-source\/ncds\/mnd\/cancer-programme\/gpaccm-closing-the-gaps-draft.pdf"}],"container-title":["JCO Global Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1200\/GO-24-00541","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T19:59:39Z","timestamp":1749671979000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/10.1200\/GO-24-00541"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1200\/GO-24-00541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/go-24-00541","relation":{},"ISSN":["2687-8941"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2687-8941"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-04","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2400541"}}