{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T13:52:07Z","timestamp":1753883527985,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["ascopubs.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCO Glob Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>It remains uncertain whether ethnicity affects the benefit derived from novel breast cancer (BC) treatments. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the heterogeneity of treatment efficacy across different ethnic groups, in both the advanced BC (aBC) setting and the early BC (eBC) setting.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) leading to BC drug approval between 2013 and 2023 that had available hazard ratios (HRs) for outcome according to ethnicity. We excluded nonrandomized studies. We compared the three most represented ethnic groups, Whites, Asians, and Blacks, among themselves and with other underrepresented groups (UGs). The pooled HRs and 95% CI in ethnic subgroups were calculated using a random-effects model, and the heterogeneity between the estimates was assessed with an interaction test.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              Among 23 selected RCTs (14,000 patients) in the aBC setting, 20 provided HRs (95% CI) for progression-free survival (PFS) in the subgroup of Whites, 17 for Asians, four for Blacks, and 23 for non-Asians (Whites + all non-Asian UG) or non-Whites (Asians + all non-Asian UG). Risk of bias was low for all the included RCTs. The HRs for PFS with experimental versus control drugs were 0.62 (95% CI, 0.57 to 0.68) for Whites, 0.54 (95% CI, 0.44 to 0.66) for Asians, and 0.54 (95% CI, 0.34 to 0.85) for Blacks with no significant interethnic difference (\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              = .233 for Whites\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">v<\/jats:italic>\n              Asians,\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              = .564 for Whites\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">v<\/jats:italic>\n              Blacks,\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              = .992 for Asians\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">v<\/jats:italic>\n              Blacks). Similarly, Whites versus non-Whites and Asians versus non-Asians showed no significantly different magnitude of benefit (\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              = .406 and\n              <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n              = .226, respectively). No differences were observed in eBC trials either.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>These results offer reassurance for the broader applicability of clinical trial results despite ethnic imbalance.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/go-25-00139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T19:59:37Z","timestamp":1751399977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Ethnicity on Breast Cancer Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Phase III Trials of the Last Decade"],"prefix":"10.1200","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3445-9245","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emma","family":"Zattarin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9108-4849","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Luca","family":"Moscetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Gruppo Oncologico Italiano per la Ricerca Clinica (GOIRC), Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"D'Agostino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, 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Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8950-8561","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laura","family":"Cortesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Dominici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1854-6701","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Angela","family":"Toss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, 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