{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:45:38Z","timestamp":1792010738251,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["ascopubs.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JCO Glob Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Harmonized Guidelines for sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have emerged as leading cancer treatment guidelines in SSA. The objective of this study is to examine the evidence cited in support of the NCCN-SSA guidelines, with a focus on population characteristics and generalizability to SSA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta-research analysis included all studies cited in support of treatment and\/or management recommendations in the NCCN-SSA guidelines for the nine most common cancers in SSA. Studies were identified by two independent reviewers; duplicate studies, those lacking individual-level data, and those unrelated to treatment and\/or management were excluded. Data on the study type, participant demographics (age, sex, race\/ethnicity), and recruitment geography were abstracted from each full-text article. Descriptive analyses were performed using R to characterize the study type (eg, experimental, observational), demographics (mean age, percent female\/male, percent by race\/ethnicity), and geographic representation overall and by individual cancer type.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 4,589 citations were reviewed and 2,931 (63.9%) studies with individual-level data were included. Of the 2,061 studies reporting geographic information, 50 (2.4%) recruited in SSA; of these, 39 (83.0%) recruited from South Africa. Three studies (0.2%) recruited exclusively in SSA. Most studies (95.3%) recruited exclusively from high- or upper-middle\u2013income countries. Only 29.2% of studies reporting participant race included &gt;10% of Black study participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most studies cited in the NCCN-SSA guidelines were conducted in high-income countries outside SSA. A small minority of all study participants were Black. These findings underscore potential limitations in the generalizability of the NCCN-SSA guidelines to SSA and highlight a pressing need to generate and incorporate context-specific data to guide care and inform policy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/go-26-00168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T19:59:08Z","timestamp":1792007948000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evidence in National Comprehensive Cancer Network Harmonized Guidelines for Sub-Saharan Africa: A Meta-Research Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Scott J.","family":"Swartz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, 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