{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T17:16:28Z","timestamp":1793812588406,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>PURPOSE<\/jats:title><jats:p> Recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) has been shown to stimulate specifically macrophage lineage differentiation in vitro and to induce cells capable of antitumor activity alone or in combination with an antibody. The administration of M-CSF to mice has demonstrated antitumor therapeutic effects in vivo. Therefore, a phase I trial of M-CSF administration to patients with metastatic cancer was undertaken. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>PATIENTS AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p> M-CSF was given by intermittent intravenous bolus infusion every 8 hours for 7 days; the treatment cycle was repeated once after a week of rest. Cohorts of three patients underwent dose escalation from 10 to 100,000 micrograms\/m2\/d; 23 patients received 27 courses of M-CSF administration. All patients had metastatic solid tumors refractory to conventional therapy, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (nine), melanoma (seven), and colorectal carcinoma (seven). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p> Treatment-related toxicity was minimal; five patients developed transient signs of ocular or periorbital inflammation, with iridocyclitis as the most severe manifestation. At the highest doses, platelet counts decreased with therapy (but remained &gt; 100,000\/mm3) and the absolute monocyte count increased during the course of therapy. Only at 30,000 and 100,000 micrograms\/m2\/d was treatment limited because of toxicity (iritis and malaise). Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated up to a 1,000-fold increase in circulating serum M-CSF after bolus infusion; half-life varied from 1 to 6 hours. Complete regression of mediastinal adenopathy and multiple pulmonary metastases were observed in one patient with RCC. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p> Recombinant M-CSF can be administered safely to patients with metastatic cancer at doses that demonstrate biologic activity. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.1992.10.10.1643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]],"date-time":"2017-02-23T14:25:13Z","timestamp":1487859913000},"page":"1643-1649","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Intravenous administration of recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor to patients with metastatic cancer: a phase I study."],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"M G","family":"Sanda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J C","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S L","family":"Topalian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E S","family":"Groves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Childs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"R","family":"Belfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M D","family":"de Smet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D J","family":"Schwartzentruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D E","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M T","family":"Lotze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","container-title":["Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1200\/JCO.1992.10.10.1643","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T19:59:10Z","timestamp":1653508750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/10.1200\/JCO.1992.10.10.1643"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1200\/JCO.1992.10.10.1643"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.1992.10.10.1643","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-183X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-7755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,10]]}}}