{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T06:41:51Z","timestamp":1791009711886,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> PURPOSE: To evaluate single-agent ifosfamide in the treatment of invasive thymoma. <\/jats:p><jats:p> PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients (eight male and seven female) with histologically confirmed invasive thymoma were treated. The median age was 48 years (range, 23 to 76 years). Four patients had stage III disease, seven patients had stage IVa disease, and four patients had stage IVb disease. The most common histologic type was lymphoepithelial. Seven patients had received prior treatment, including one patient who received chemotherapy. Ifosfamide 1.5 g\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> was given on days 1 to 5, with mesna as a uroprotector. <\/jats:p><jats:p> RESULTS: Thirteen patients were assessable for response. Five complete responses (38.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 17.7% to 64.5%) and one partial response (7.7%; 95% CI, 1.4% to 33.3%) were seen. The median duration of complete response was 66+ months (range, 25 to 87 months), and the estimated survival rate 5 years after ifosfamide treatment was 57% (SE, 32% to 79%). The most frequent toxicities were nausea, vomiting, and leucopenia, but these were well tolerated. <\/jats:p><jats:p> CONCLUSION: Single-agent ifosfamide possesses significant activity against invasive thymoma and is comparable to currently used combination regimens. The inclusion of ifosfamide in combination therapy, particularly in place of cyclophosphamide in regimens such as cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide, needs to be evaluated. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.1999.17.9.2737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T06:05:40Z","timestamp":1487916340000},"page":"2737-2737","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Treatment of Invasive Thymoma With Single-Agent Ifosfamide"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"M. S.","family":"Highley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. R.","family":"Underhill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. X.","family":"Parnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Karapetis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Rankin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Dussek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Rowland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Hodson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. G.","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Oncology and Surgery, Guy's Hospital, and the Brook Hospital, London; the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter; the Royal Sussex Hospital, Brighton; and Pembury Hospital, Turnbridge Wells, England."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"R2-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1988.6.11.1722"},{"key":"R3-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19861101)58:9<1979::AID-CNCR2820580904>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"R4-2737","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uematsu  M,  Yoshida  H,  Kondo  M, et al: Entire hemithorax irradiation following complete resection in patients with stage II-III invasive thymoma.  Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 35:357,1996-360,","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(96)00086-7"},{"key":"R5-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19860315)57:6<1101::AID-CNCR2820570606>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"R6-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-199308000-00014"},{"key":"R7-2737","unstructured":"Dabrowska  W: Results of chemotherapy in patients with thymoma according to the records at the Institute of Oncology in Warsaw in the years 1958-1973.  Nowotwory 25:107,1975-113,"},{"key":"R8-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19890415)63:8<1493::AID-CNCR2820630807>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"R9-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19910701)68:1<30::AID-CNCR2820680106>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"R10-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19811201)48:11<2485::AID-CNCR2820481123>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"R13-2737","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Effler  DB,  McCormack  LJ: Thymic neoplasms.  J Thorac Surg 31:60,1956-82,","DOI":"10.1016\/S0096-5588(20)30952-1"},{"key":"R14-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(196211\/12)15:6<1224::AID-CNCR2820150621>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"R15-2737","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilkins  EW Jr Edmunds  LH Jr Castleman  B: Cases of thymoma at the Massachusetts General Hospital.  J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 52:322,1966-330,","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)43412-0"},{"key":"R16-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/41.1.61"},{"key":"R17-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197607)38:1<49::AID-CNCR2820380109>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"R18-2737","unstructured":"Sp\u00e4th  G,  Inniger  R,  Huth  Ch, et al: Thymome: Eine retrospektive Studie \u00fcber 48 F\u00e4lle.  Chirurg 58:529,1987-536,"},{"key":"R19-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19801001)46:7<1523::AID-CNCR2820460705>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"R20-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-99-2-189"},{"key":"R21-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0936-6555(05)80783-6"},{"key":"R22-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1994.12.6.1164"},{"key":"R23-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19820801)50:3<419::AID-CNCR2820500306>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"R24-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.87.3.377"},{"key":"R25-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19880501)61:9<1736::AID-CNCR2820610903>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"R26-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.9.3093"},{"key":"R27-2737","unstructured":"Oshita  F,  Kasai  T,  Kurata  T, et al: Intensive chemotherapy with cisplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for advanced thymoma or thymic cancer: Preliminary results.  Jpn J Clin Oncol 25:208,1995-212,"},{"key":"R28-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.annonc.a058527"},{"key":"R29-2737","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rea  F,  Sartori  F,  Loy  M, et al: Chemotherapy and operation for invasive thymoma.  Cardiovasc Surg 106:543,1993-549,","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)34092-9"},{"key":"R30-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001622-199703000-00009"},{"key":"R31-2737","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1990.8.8.1419"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.9.2737","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T21:26:49Z","timestamp":1653514009000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.9.2737"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.9.2737"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.1999.17.9.2737","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-183X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-7755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,9]]}}}