{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T08:51:35Z","timestamp":1780563095218,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> PURPOSE: Standard G-band cytogenetic analysis (CG) provides information on approximately 25 metaphases for monitoring the presence of Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients, making the detection of a low frequency of Ph+ cells problematic. The purpose of this study was to improve the detection of a low frequency of Ph+ cells. <\/jats:p><jats:p> PATIENTS AND METHODS: We combined fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with long-term colcemid exposure, capturing several hundred metaphases in bone marrow cultures (hypermetaphase FISH [HMF]). Using probes that identify Ph+ cells, HMF was compared with CG analysis in the follow-up evaluations of 51 patients with CML at various time points after allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT). <\/jats:p><jats:p> RESULTS: Thirty-five patients never showed the presence of Ph+ cells by either method. In four patients, high frequencies of Ph+ cells were detected by both methods. In the remaining 12 patients, Ph+ cells were detected by HMF at time points after BMT when they were not detected by CG. In seven of the 12 patients, low but statistically significant frequencies of Ph+ cells (0.37% to 5.20%) were detected 3 months or later after BMT, and when no intervention was initiated, all seven patients later relapsed. Based on those data, an eighth patient with mixed chimerism and a similar HMF-detected Ph+ frequency (1.8% at 27 months after BMT) was reinfused with donor lymphocytes and achieved remission with 0% Ph+ cells studied by HMF (up to 50 months after BMT). Ph+ cells detected by HMF but not by CG less than 3 months after BMT disappeared on later examination in two of four patients. After detection of Ph+ cells by HMF only, the median time to cytogenetic progression (detection of Ph+ cells by CG) was 101 days. <\/jats:p><jats:p> CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate the ability of HMF to detect low but clinically relevant levels of leukemic cells not detected by CG in transplant patients. The data indicate that HMF can detect low levels of Ph+ cells before standard cytogenetics at a time that may be useful in monitoring disease status and planning clinical interventions. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2000.18.9.1831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T07:20:01Z","timestamp":1487920801000},"page":"1831-1836","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Early Detection of Relapse by Hypermetaphase Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization After Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Chy-Myong","family":"Seong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Giralt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hagop","family":"Kantarjian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingping","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolynn","family":"Swantkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberley","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armand B.","family":"Glassman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Issa","family":"Khouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Korbling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Thall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Siciliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard E.","family":"Champlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Blood and Marrow TransplantationLeukemia, Molecular Genetics, Laboratory Medicine, and Biomathematics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"R1-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V65.5.1039.1039"},{"key":"R2-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19900515)65:10<2178::AID-CNCR2820651004>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"R3-0196","unstructured":"Lifshitz  B,  Fainstein  M,  Marcelle  C, et al:  bcr genes and transcripts.  Oncogene 2:113,1987-117,"},{"key":"R4-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90450-2"},{"key":"R5-0196","unstructured":"Maxwell  S,  Kurzrock  R,  Talpaz  M, et al:  Analysis of P210bcr-abl tyrosine protein kinase activity in various subtypes of Philadelphia chromosome-positive cells from chronic myelogenous leukemia patients.  Cancer Res 47:1731,1987-1739,"},{"key":"R6-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V73.4.861.861"},{"key":"R7-0196","unstructured":"Champlin  RE,  Goldman  JM,  Gale  RP:  Bone marrow transplantation in chronic myelogenous leukemia.  Semin Hematol 25:74,1988-80,"},{"key":"R8-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8588(18)30477-5"},{"key":"R9-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V76.12.2462.2462"},{"key":"R10-0196","unstructured":"Szer  J,  Grigg  A,  Phillips  G, et al:  Donor leukocyte infusions after chemotherapy for patients relapsing with acute leukemia following allogeneic BMT.  Bone Marrow Transplant 11:109,1993-111,"},{"key":"R11-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V83.11.3377.3377"},{"key":"R12-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199311000-00013"},{"key":"R13-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V86.5.2041.bloodjournal8652041"},{"key":"R14-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V82.8.2273.2273"},{"key":"R15-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.2.433"},{"key":"R16-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V85.9.2632.bloodjournal8592632"},{"key":"R17-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V81.4.1089.1089"},{"key":"R18-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V86.6.2343.bloodjournal8662343"},{"key":"R19-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V53.4.695.bloodjournal534695"},{"key":"R21-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1996.d01-1507.x"},{"key":"R22-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V83.8.2268.2268"},{"key":"R23-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V74.6.2220.2220"},{"key":"R24-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1700700"},{"key":"R25-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V75.6.1346.1346"},{"key":"R26-0196","unstructured":"Alimena  G,  Luia  MR,  Mecucci  C, et al:  Cytogenetic follow-up after BMT for Ph1-positive CML.  Bone Marrow Transplant 5:119,1990-127,"},{"key":"R27-0196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V82.6.1929.1929"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.9.1831","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T21:41:28Z","timestamp":1653514888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.9.1831"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,9]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.9.1831"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2000.18.9.1831","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-183X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-7755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,9]]}}}