{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:42:44Z","timestamp":1791294164901,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>PURPOSE: The present study attempted to identify characteristics that correlated with clinical response to interleukin (IL)-2 therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma.<\/jats:p><jats:p>PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated laboratory and clinical characteristics of 374 consecutive patients with metastatic melanoma treated with high-dose intravenous bolus IL-2 (720,000 IU\/kg) from July 1, 1988, to December 31, 1999, at the Surgery Branch of the National Cancer Institute.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RESULTS: The overall objective response rate was 15.5%. Pretreatment parameters such as patient demographics, laboratory values, and prior therapy did not correlate with response; however, 53.6% of patients with only subcutaneous and\/or cutaneous metastases responded, compared with 12.4% of patients with disease at other sites (P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>= .000001). During therapy, patients who were responders tended to have received more doses during course 1 (16.2 \u00b1 0.3 doses v 14.5 \u00b1 0.2 doses; P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>= .0095); however, when limited to patients who were able to complete both cycles of course 1, there was no statistically significant difference (P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>= .27). Responders had a higher maximum lymphocyte count immediately after therapy compared with nonresponders (P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>= .0026). The development of abnormal thyroid function tests and vitiligo after therapy was associated with response (thyroid-stimulating hormone, P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>= .01; free T4, P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>= .0049; vitiligo, P<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>&lt; 10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>), although thyroid dysfunction may have been related more to the length of IL-2 therapy than to response.<\/jats:p><jats:p>CONCLUSION: The presence of metastases only to subcutaneous and\/or cutaneous sites, lymphocytosis immediately after treatment, and long-term immunologic side effects, especially vitiligo, were associated with antitumor response to IL-2 therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2001.19.15.3477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T02:28:07Z","timestamp":1487903287000},"page":"3477-3482","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":249,"title":["Factors Associated With Response to High-Dose Interleukin-2 in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Giao Q.","family":"Phan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Surgery Branch and Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Attia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Surgery Branch and Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seth M.","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Surgery Branch and Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald E.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Surgery Branch and Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven A.","family":"Rosenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Surgery Branch and Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"R1-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.50.4.215"},{"key":"R2-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.51.1.15"},{"key":"R4-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199809000-00004"},{"key":"R5-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.161.5.1169"},{"key":"R6-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198512053132327"},{"key":"R7-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1986.03380220083027"},{"key":"R8-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510360033032"},{"key":"R9-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.7.2105"},{"key":"R10-092545","unstructured":"Atkins MB, Kunkel L, Sznol M, et al: High-dose recombinant interleukin-2 therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma: Long-term survival update. Cancer J Sci Am 6: S11,2000-S14, (suppl 1)"},{"key":"R11-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19980815)83:4<797::AID-CNCR25>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"R12-092545","unstructured":"Royal RE, Steinberg SM, Krouse RS, et al: Correlates of response to IL-2 therapy in patients treated for metastatic renal cancer and melanoma. Cancer J Sci Am 2: 91,1996-98,"},{"key":"R13-092545","unstructured":"Blay JY, Negrier S, Combaret V, et al: Serum level of interleukin-6 as a prognostic factor in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Res 52: 3317,1992-3322,"},{"key":"R14-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1996.14.5.1697"},{"key":"R15-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002371-200101000-00010"},{"key":"R16-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.5.1110"},{"key":"R17-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19950215)75:4<1030::AID-CNCR2820750420>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"R18-092545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lotze MT, Matory YL, Ettinghausen SE, et al: In vivo administration of purified human interleukin 2: II. Half life, immunologic effects, and expansion of peripheral lymphoid cells in vivo with recombinant IL 2. J Immunol 135: 2865,1985-2875,","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.135.4.2865"},{"key":"R19-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002371-199211000-00009"},{"key":"R20-092545","unstructured":"Boldt DH, Mills BJ, Gemlo BT, et al: Laboratory correlates of adoptive immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin-2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells in humans. Cancer Res 48: 4409,1988-4416,"},{"key":"R21-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/85.8.622"},{"key":"R22-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198704093161502"},{"key":"R23-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19911201)68:11<2384::AID-CNCR2820681109>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"R24-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1993.11.5.921"},{"key":"R25-092545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krouse RS, Royal RE, Heywood G, et al: Thyroid dysfunction in 281 patients with metastatic melanoma or renal cell cancer treated with interleukin-2 alone. J Immunother 18: 272,1996-278,","DOI":"10.1097\/00002371-199511000-00008"},{"key":"R26-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(83)70182-9"},{"key":"R27-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1987.01660320095019"},{"key":"R28-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000247693"},{"key":"R29-092545","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002371-199601000-00009"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.15.3477","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T06:29:07Z","timestamp":1692685747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.15.3477"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.15.3477"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2001.19.15.3477","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-183X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-7755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,1]]}}}