{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T15:57:19Z","timestamp":1774022239162,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"16","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> PURPOSE: Leukemic relapse is the most frequent cause of treatment failure after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). To identify prognostic factors affecting the outcome of second HSCT, we performed a retrospective study on patients with acute leukemia (AL) undergoing second HSCT who reported to the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry. <\/jats:p><jats:p> PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred seventy patients who received second HSCTs for AL experienced relapse after first HSCTs were performed from 1978 to 1997. Status at second HSCT, time between first and second HSCT, conditioning regimen, source of stem cells, treatment-related mortality (TRM), acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), leukemia-free survival (LFS), overall survival (OS), and relapse were considered. <\/jats:p><jats:p> RESULTS: Engraftment occurred in 97% of patients. Forty-two patients were alive at last follow-up, with a 5-year OS rate of 26%. The 5-year probability for TRM, LFS, and relapse was 46%, 25%, and 59%, respectively. Grade \u2265 2 aGVHD occurred in 59% of patients, and chronic GVHD occurred in 32%. In multivariate analysis, diagnosis, interval to relapse after first HSCT &gt; 292 days, aGVHD at first HSCT, complete remission status at second HSCT, use of total-body irradiation at second HSCT, acute GVHD at second HSCT, and use of bone marrow as source of stem cells at second HSCT were associated with better outcome. <\/jats:p><jats:p> CONCLUSION: Second HSCT represents an effective therapeutic option for AL patients relapsed after allogeneic HSCT, with a 3-year LFS rate of 52% for the subset of patients who experienced relapse more than 292 days after receiving the first HSCT and who were in remission before receiving the second HSCT. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2001.19.16.3675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T07:33:42Z","timestamp":1487921622000},"page":"3675-3684","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":165,"title":["Second Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation in Acute Leukemia: Results of a Survey by the European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Bosi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Laszlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Labopin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josy","family":"Reffeirs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauricette","family":"Michallet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliane","family":"Gluckman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo Emilio","family":"Alessandrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Locatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Paul","family":"Vernant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Sierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Pierre","family":"Jouet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Frassoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, University of Florence, Florence; Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Policlinico San Matteo, and Pediatric Clinic, University of Pavia, Pavia; Department of Hematology, Ospedale San Martino, Genova, Italy; European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Central Data Office, Blood and Marrow Transplantation Unit, Department of Hematology, Hopital St Louis, and Department of Hematology,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Blood and Marrow Transplant Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"R1-094125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1988.tb02488.x"},{"key":"R2-094125","unstructured":"Kumar  L:   Leukemia:  Management of relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.   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