{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:23:01Z","timestamp":1791868981865,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Purpose: To determine clinical features and patterns of outcome of primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLCL). <\/jats:p><jats:p> Patients and Methods: A retrospective international survey of 373 patients with primary testicular DLCL. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results: Most patients presented with localized disease (stage I to II), and the median age at diagnosis was 66 years (range, 19 to 91 years). Anthracycline-based chemotherapy was administered to 255 patients (68%), and prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy was given to 68 patients (18%); 133 patients (36%) received prophylactic scrotal radiotherapy. Median overall survival was 4.8 years, and median progression-free survival was 4 years. The survival curves showed no clear evidence of a substantial proportion of cured patients. A favorable international prognostic index score (IPI), no B-symptoms, the use of anthracyclines, and prophylactic scrotal radiotherapy were significantly associated with longer survival at multivariate analysis. However, even for patients with stage I disease and good-risk IPI, the outcome seems worse than what was reported for DLCL at other sites. At a median follow-up of 7.6 years, 195 patients (52%) had relapsed. Extranodal recurrence was reported in 140 cases. Relapses in CNS were detected in 56 patients (15%) up to 10 years after presentation. A continuous risk of recurrence in the contralateral testis was seen in patients not receiving scrotal radiotherapy. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusion: Testicular DLCL is characterized by a particularly high risk of extranodal relapse even in cases with localized disease at diagnosis. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy, CNS prophylaxis, and contralateral testicular irradiation seem to improve the outcome. Their efficacy is under evaluation in a prospective clinical trial. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2003.11.141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,28]],"date-time":"2002-12-28T17:57:17Z","timestamp":1041098237000},"page":"20-27","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":355,"title":["Patterns of Outcome and Prognostic Factors in Primary Large-Cell Lymphoma of the Testis in a Survey by the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Zucca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Haematology\/Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto; Division of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada; Service de H\u00e9matologie and Service de Biostatistique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Lyon, France; Divisione di Oncologia Medica, Ospedale S. Martino, Belluno; Divisione di Ematologia, Ospededali Riuniti di Bergamo, Bergamo; Divisione di Medicina..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Conconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Haematology\/Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto; Division of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada; Service de H\u00e9matologie and Service de Biostatistique, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Lyon, France; Divisione di Oncologia Medica, Ospedale S. 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