{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T07:37:25Z","timestamp":1792481845119,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Few studies have been conducted to elucidate the psychological distress of terminally ill cancer patients. This study attempted to determine the prevalence of adjustment disorders (AD), major depression (MD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among terminally ill cancer patients, to identify factors that contribute to them, and to determine how they change longitudinally.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consecutive terminally ill cancer patients were recruited. Patients were assessed for psychiatric disorders by structured clinical interview twice: once at the time of their registration with a palliative care unit (baseline), and again at the time of their palliative care unit admission (follow-up). Possible contributed biomedical and psychosocial factors were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proportions of patients diagnosed with AD, MD, and PTSD at baseline (n = 209) were 16.3%, 6.7%, and 0% respectively, whereas at follow-up (n = 85), 10.6% were diagnosed with AD and 11.8% with MD. Lower performance status, concern about being a burden to others, and lower satisfaction with social support were significantly associated with AD\/MD at baseline. There were changes in the diagnosis of AD and MD in 30.6% of the patients. Only the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at the baseline was significantly predictive of AD\/MD at follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The factors underlying psychological distress are multifactorial. Early intervention to treat subclinical anxiety and depression may prevent subsequent psychological distress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2004.08.149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,13]],"date-time":"2004-05-13T23:18:18Z","timestamp":1084490298000},"page":"1957-1965","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":499,"title":["Major Depression, Adjustment Disorders, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Terminally Ill Cancer Patients: Associated and Predictive Factors"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Tatsuo","family":"Akechi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Psycho-Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute East, Chiba; Psychiatry Division and Palliative Care Unit, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Okuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Psycho-Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute East, Chiba; Psychiatry Division and Palliative Care Unit, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuriko","family":"Sugawara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Psycho-Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute East, Chiba; Psychiatry Division and Palliative Care Unit, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomohito","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Psycho-Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute East, Chiba; Psychiatry Division and Palliative Care Unit, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuo","family":"Shima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Psycho-Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute East, Chiba; Psychiatry Division and Palliative Care Unit, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Uchitomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Psycho-Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute East, Chiba; Psychiatry Division and Palliative Care Unit, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1983.03330300035030"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006491417791"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20011115)92:10<2609::AID-CNCR1614>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000615)88:12<2817::AID-CNCR22>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-198405000-00002"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.143.2.208"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026921639300700308"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.4.537"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.8.1185"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026921639901300106"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/026921699671260095"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(00)00182-2"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.22.2907"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(01)00358-X"},{"key":"R15","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition . Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, 1994"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1611(199911\/12)8:6<521::AID-PON423>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.43.4.259"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.63.6.981"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(96)71580-3"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199805000-00026"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.66.3.586"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3182(98)71356-8"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00144-8"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.42.2.133"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.1990.9934587"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.18.6.555"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(96)00181-9"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cherny NI, Coyle N, Foley KM: Suffering in the advanced cancer patient: A definition and taxonomy. J Palliat Care 10:57,1994-70,","DOI":"10.1177\/082585979401000211"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10769"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(95)00047-X"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850101)55:1<72::AID-CNCR2820550112>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.4.1594"},{"key":"R33","unstructured":"McDonald MV, Passik SD, Dugan W, et al: Nurses' recognition of depression in their patients with cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum 26:593,1999-599,"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0690(18)30230-1"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-132-3-200002010-00007"},{"key":"R36","unstructured":"Wilson KG, Chochinov HM, Faye BJD, et al: Diagnosis and management of depression in palliative care, in Chochinov HM, Breitbart W (eds): Handbook of psychiatry in palliative medicine . New York, NY, Oxford University Press, pp 25,2000-49"},{"key":"R37","unstructured":"Shima Y: Palliative Care, in Kakizoe T, Sano T, Yoshida S, et al (eds): Annual report of National Cancer Center Hospital\/Hospital East 1998 . Tokyo, International Medical Information Center, pp108,1999-109"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"R39","unstructured":"Mori E, Mitani Y, Yamadori A: Usefulness of a Japanese version of the Mini-Mental State Test in neurological patients. Jpn J Neuropsychol 1:82,1985-90,"},{"key":"R40","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbon M, et al: Structured clinical interview for DSM III-R . Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, 1990"},{"key":"R41","unstructured":"First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, et al: Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV . Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, 1997"},{"key":"R42","unstructured":"Karnofsky DA, Burchenal JH: The clinical evaluation of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer, in Macleod CM (ed): Evaluation of Chemotherapeutic Agents . New York, NY, Columbia University Press, pp199,1949-205"},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(02)00376-7"},{"key":"R44","unstructured":"Akechi T, Okuyama T, Nakano T, et al: Desire for death in terminally ill cancer patients\u2014prevalence and its associated physical and psychosocial factors. Japanese Journal of General Hospital Psychiatry 13:153,2001-159,"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Payne RB, Little AJ, Williams RB, et al: Interpretation of serum calcium in patients with abnormal serum proteins. Br Med J 15:643,1973-646,","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.4.5893.643"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/28.5.333"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1611(200003\/04)9:2<164::AID-PON447>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1998.396"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kashiwagi T: Palliative care in Japan. Palliat Med 5:165,1991-170,","DOI":"10.1177\/026921639100500213"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005200050242"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/02169216302pm507oa"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291702005457"},{"key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540040037030"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hibbeln JR: Fish consumption and major depression. Lancet 351:1213,1998,","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)79168-6"},{"key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra012941"},{"key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(99)00020-3"},{"key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19820301)49:5<1048::AID-CNCR2820490534>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011871"},{"key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psychotherapy.2000.54.4.501"},{"key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.17.2253"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.8.1780"},{"key":"R63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(02)00487-6"},{"key":"R64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.08.025"},{"key":"R65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/depr.3050030112"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1200\/JCO.2004.08.149","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T17:05:22Z","timestamp":1682701522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/10.1200\/JCO.2004.08.149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,15]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1200\/JCO.2004.08.149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2004.08.149","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-183X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-7755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,15]]}}}