{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:32:39Z","timestamp":1772166759948,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the risk of subsequent carcinomas other than breast, thyroid, and skin, and to identify factors that influence the risk among survivors of childhood cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subsequent malignant neoplasm history was determined in 13,136 participants (surviving \u2265 5 years postmalignancy, diagnosed from 1970 to 1986 at age &lt; 21 years) of the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 71 individuals, 71 carcinomas were diagnosed at a median age of 27 years and a median elapsed time of 15 years in the genitourinary system (35%), head and neck area (32%), gastrointestinal tract (23%), and other sites (10%). Fifty-nine patients (83%) had received radiotherapy, and 42 (59%) developed a second malignant neoplasm in a previous radiotherapy field. Risk was significantly elevated following all childhood diagnoses except CNS neoplasms, and was highest following neuroblastoma (SIR = 24.2) and soft tissue sarcoma (SIR = 6.2). Survivors of neuroblastoma had a 329-fold increased risk of renal cell carcinomas; survivors of Hodgkin's lymphoma had a 4.5-fold increased risk of gastrointestinal carcinomas. Significantly elevated risk of head and neck carcinoma occurred in survivors of soft tissue sarcoma (SIR = 22.6), neuroblastoma (SIR = 20.9), and leukemia (SIR = 20.9).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Young survivors of childhood cancers are at increased risk of developing subsequent carcinomas typical of later adulthood, underscoring the importance of long-term follow-up and risk-based screening. Follow-up of the cohort is ongoing to determine lifetime risk and delineate individual characteristics that contribute to risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2005.02.7235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,18]],"date-time":"2006-01-18T19:12:39Z","timestamp":1137611559000},"page":"476-483","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":208,"title":["Risk of Selected Subsequent Carcinomas in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Myl\u00e8ne","family":"Bassal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology\/BMT, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN; Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann C.","family":"Mertens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology\/BMT, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN; Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology\/BMT, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN; Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph P.","family":"Neglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology\/BMT, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN; Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Greffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology\/BMT, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN; Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sue","family":"Hammond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology\/BMT, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN; Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda,..."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile M.","family":"Ronckers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology\/BMT, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO; 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