{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T20:51:35Z","timestamp":1778878295075,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"16","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p> To evaluate the efficacy and safety of arsenic trioxide monotherapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> Patients received arsenic trioxide (0.25 mg\/kg\/d) on 5 consecutive days per week for 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks\u2019 rest (one cycle). Two patient cohorts were established according to International Prognostic Scoring System risk category: lower-risk (low or intermediate-1) or higher-risk MDS (intermediate-2 or high). For lower-risk MDS, hematologic improvement (HI) was the primary response end point. For higher-risk MDS, additional end points included complete or partial remission. Based on the expected time to response, patients receiving two or more cycles were prospectively evaluated. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> Hematologic adverse events included neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and febrile neutropenia. Two patients died during the study due to treatment-related toxicities. Most common grade 3\/4 nonhematologic events were pneumonia, fatigue, hemorrhage, pain, and dyspnea. Among patients who received one or more doses (n = 70) or completed two or more cycles (n = 51), the HI rates were 34% and 39% in lower-risk patients, and 6% and 9% in higher-risk patients, respectively; the overall major HI rates were 20% and 22%. One higher-risk patient achieved a complete remission (3%). Major HIs were observed in all hematologic lineages; erythroid responses were the most common. Transfusion independence or reduction by \u2265 50% occurred in 33% of patients dependent on RBC transfusions. The overall median duration of HI was 6.8 months (range, 2 to 40 months). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> Arsenic trioxide monotherapy has moderate activity against MDS, with a manageable adverse effect profile. The further study of arsenic trioxide in MDS, particularly in combination with other agents, is warranted. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2005.03.7903","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,2]],"date-time":"2006-05-02T00:30:42Z","timestamp":1146529842000},"page":"2456-2464","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Phase II Multicenter Study of Arsenic Trioxide in Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndromes"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Gary J.","family":"Schiller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the UCLA Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Los Angeles; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Scripps Cancer Center, San Diego, CA; Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Tucker, GA; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Slack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the UCLA Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Los Angeles; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Scripps Cancer Center, San Diego, CA; Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Tucker, GA; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Hainsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the UCLA Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Los Angeles; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Scripps Cancer Center, San Diego, CA; Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Tucker, GA; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the UCLA Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Los Angeles; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Scripps Cancer Center, San Diego, CA; Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Tucker, GA; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; H. 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Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rizzieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the UCLA Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Los Angeles; Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Scripps Cancer Center, San Diego, CA; Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Sarah Cannon Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Georgia Cancer Specialists, Tucker, GA; Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; H. 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