{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:09:47Z","timestamp":1791598187667,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"30","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate response rate, event-free survival (EFS), and toxicity of two chemotherapeutic regimens for treatment of children younger than 36 months with malignant brain tumors and to estimate control intervals without irradiation in children with no residual tumor after initial surgery and induction chemotherapy and with delayed irradiation in patients with residual tumor or metastatic disease at diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients were randomly assigned to one of two regimens of induction chemotherapy (vincristine, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide v vincristine, carboplatin, ifosfamide, and etoposide). Maintenance chemotherapy began after induction in children without progressive disease. Children with no residual tumors after induction therapy and no metastatic disease at diagnosis were not to receive radiation therapy unless their tumors progressed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two hundred ninety-nine infants were enrolled. Forty-two percent of patients responded to induction chemotherapy. At 5 years from study entry, the EFS rate was 27% \u00b1 3%, and the survival rate was 43% \u00b1 3%. There was no significant difference between the two arms in terms of response rate or EFS. For medulloblastoma, supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor, ependymoma, and rhabdoid tumors, 5-year EFS rates were 32% \u00b1 5%, 17% \u00b1 6%, and 32% \u00b1 6%, and 14% \u00b1 7%, respectively. Fifty-eight percent of patients who were alive 5 years after study entry had not received radiation therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intensified induction chemotherapy resulted in a high response rate of malignant brain tumors in infants. Survival was comparable to that of previous studies, and most patients who survived did not receive radiation therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2005.09.095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,18]],"date-time":"2005-10-18T17:57:40Z","timestamp":1129658260000},"page":"7621-7631","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":390,"title":["Multiagent Chemotherapy and Deferred Radiotherapy in Infants With Malignant Brain Tumors: A Report From the Children\u2019s Cancer Group"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"J. Russell","family":"Geyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Sposto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Jennings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James M.","family":"Boyett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Axtell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Breiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmett","family":"Broxson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernadine","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan L.","family":"Finlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel W.","family":"Goldwein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda A.","family":"Heier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Mazewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas C.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Packer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Puccetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerilynn","family":"Radcliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"May Lin","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Shiminski-Maher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Children\u2019s Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Children\u2019s Oncology Group, Arcadia; Valley Radiotherapy Associates and University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Vanderbilt Children\u2019s Hospital, Nashville; St Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN; DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI; Children\u2019s Medical Center\u2013Dayton, Dayton, OH; New York University Medical Center; New York Hospital\u2013Cornell University Medical Center, New York, NY; Children\u2019s Hospital of..."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.3.832"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1995.13.7.1687"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000120727"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00776711"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050106"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1997.tb08575.x"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007279"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-911X(199705)28:5<348::AID-MPO4>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.12.3720"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810050548"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000120900"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1994.12.8.1607"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duffner PK, Krischer JP, Burger PC, et al: Treatment of infants with malignant gliomas: The Pediatric Oncology Group experience. J Neurooncol 28:245,1996-256,","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00250203"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19950215)75:4<1045::AID-CNCR2820750422>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000028654"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199306173282401"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199602000-00007"},{"key":"R19","unstructured":"Geyer R, Berger M, Allen J, et al: Intensive chemotherapy pilot for infants with malignant brain tumors. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 12:417,1993,  (abstr 1431)"},{"key":"R20","unstructured":"International Society of Pediatric Oncology: SIOP XXIII Meeting. Med Pediatr Oncol 19:406,1991,"},{"key":"R21","unstructured":"Cox D, Oakes D: Analysis of Survival Data . London, United Kingdom, Chapman and Hall, 1984"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(85)90022-0"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006125120866"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01913129709021935"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1990.73.5.0710"},{"key":"R26","unstructured":"Biegel JA, Zhou JY, Rorke LB, et al: Germ-line and acquired mutations of INI1 in atypical teratoid and rhabdoid tumors. Cancer Res 59:74,1999-79,"},{"key":"R27","unstructured":"Grotzer M, Hogarty MD, Janss AJ, et al: MYC messenger RNA expression predicts survival outcome in childhood primitive neuroectodermal tumor\/medulloblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 7:2425,2001-2433,"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.5.1027"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1200\/JCO.2005.09.095","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T16:52:06Z","timestamp":1653497526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/10.1200\/JCO.2005.09.095"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,20]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"30","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1200\/JCO.2005.09.095"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2005.09.095","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-183X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-7755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,20]]}}}