{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:12:45Z","timestamp":1787505165876,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"27","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies suggest that diet may affect recurrence or survival rates in women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between plasma carotenoid concentration, as a biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake, and risk for a new breast cancer event in a cohort of women with a history of early-stage breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were 1,551 women previously treated for breast cancer who were randomly assigned to the control arm of a diet intervention trial between March 1995 and November 2000. Outcome events were probed during semiannual interviews and verified by medical record review. During the period under study, 205 women had a recurrence or new primary breast cancer. Plasma carotenoid concentrations were measured in baseline blood samples. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs by quartiles of plasma carotenoids were computed, controlling for tumor stage, grade, and hormone receptor status; chemotherapy and tamoxifen therapy; clinical site; age at diagnosis; body mass index; and plasma cholesterol concentration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women in the highest quartile of plasma total carotenoid concentration had significantly reduced risk for a new breast cancer event (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.89), controlled for covariates influencing breast cancer prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma carotenoids are a biologic marker of intake of vegetables and fruit, so this observation supports findings from previous studies that have linked increased vegetable and fruit intake with greater likelihood of recurrence-free survival in women who have been diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2005.19.505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,16]],"date-time":"2005-09-16T22:02:59Z","timestamp":1126908179000},"page":"6631-6638","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Plasma Carotenoids and Recurrence-Free Survival in Women With a History of Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Cheryl L.","family":"Rock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego; and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX; and the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirley W.","family":"Flatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego; and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX; and the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loki","family":"Natarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego; and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX; and the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia A.","family":"Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego; and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX; and the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne A.","family":"Bardwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego; and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX; and the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicky A.","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego; and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX; and the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy A.","family":"Hollenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego; and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX; and the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lovell","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego; and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX; and the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bette J.","family":"Caan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego; and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX; and the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Family and Preventive Medicine and Psychiatry, and Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego; and Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX; and the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study Group"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"233","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7258(97)00054-5"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(98)00048-0"},{"key":"R3","unstructured":"Campbell DR, Gross MD, Martini MC, et al: Plasma carotenoids as biomarkers of vegetable and fruit intake. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 3:493,1994-500,"},{"key":"R4","unstructured":"Haegele AD, Gillette C, O'Neill C, et al: Plasma xanthophyll carotenoids correlate inversely with indices of oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 9:421,2000-425,"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003940050044"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/128.12.2391"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.4.594"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.6.1578"},{"key":"R9","unstructured":"Maskarinec G, Chan CLY, Meng L, et al: Exploring the feasibility and effects of a high-fruit and -vegetable diet in healthy women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 8:919,1999-924,"},{"key":"R10","unstructured":"Rock CL, Flatt SW, Wright FA, et al: Responsiveness of serum carotenoids to a high-vegetable diet intervention designed to prevent breast cancer recurrence. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 6:617,1997-623,"},{"key":"R11","unstructured":"Le Marchand L, Hankin JH, Carter FS, et al: A pilot study on the use of plasma carotenoids and ascorbic acid as markers of compliance to a high fruit and vegetable dietary intervention. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 3:245,1994-251,"},{"key":"R12","unstructured":"Smith-Warner SA, Elmer PJ, Tharp TM, et al: Increasing vegetable and fruit intake: Randomized intervention and monitoring in an at-risk population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 9:307,2000-317,"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(01)00286-3"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.55.1.10"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.9.2492S"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.03.008"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.06.121"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borugian MJ, Sheps SB, Kim-Sing C, et al: Insulin, macronutrient intake, and physical activity: Are potential indicators of insulin resistance associated with mortality from breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 13:1163,2004-1172,","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.1163.13.7"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/86.18.1390"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01635589309514283"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1994.108"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910490409"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990901)86:5<826::AID-CNCR19>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.2.309"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000135178.36362.ef"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg025"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.2.452"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.2.342"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-2456(02)00241-6"},{"key":"R31","unstructured":"American Joint Committee on Cancer.Manual for Staging of Cancer (ed 4) . Philadelphia, PA, J.B. Lippincott, 1992"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/128.11.1933"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shirey TL: Development of a layered-coating technology for clinical chemistry. Clin Biochem 16:147,1985-155,","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(83)94024-9"},{"key":"R35","unstructured":"Cox DR, Oakes D: Analysis of Survival Data, Monographs on Statistics and Applied Probability . New York, NY, Chapman & Hall, 1984"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13913-X"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.6.769"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13950-5"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.16.2109"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.18.2284"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1200\/JCO.2005.19.505","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T12:09:34Z","timestamp":1683202174000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ascopubs.org\/doi\/10.1200\/JCO.2005.19.505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,20]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"27","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,20]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1200\/JCO.2005.19.505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2005.19.505","relation":{},"ISSN":["0732-183X","1527-7755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0732-183X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-7755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,20]]}}}