{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:00:32Z","timestamp":1791230432799,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"33","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p> The primary objective of our meta-analysis was to determine whether prophylactic hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) after hematopoietic autologous and allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (SCT) reduced documented infections. Our secondary objectives were to determine whether prophylactic CSFs affected other outcomes including parenteral antibiotic therapy duration, infection-related mortality, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), or treatment-related mortality. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> We included studies if there was random assignment between CSFs and placebo\/no therapy and CSFs were given after SCT and before recovery of neutrophils. From 3,778 reviewed study articles, 34 were included based on predefined inclusion criteria. All analyses were conducted using a random effects model. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> CSFs reduced the risk of documented infections (relative risk [RR] 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.00; P = .05) and duration of parenteral antibiotics (weighted mean difference, \u22121.39 days, 95% CI, \u22122.56 to \u22120.22; P = .02) but did not reduce infection-related mortality (RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.41 to 1.44; P = .4). CSFs did not increase grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD (RR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.31; P = .8) or treatment-related mortality (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.29; P = .98). <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p> CSFs were associated with a small reduction in the risk of documented infections but did not affect infection or treatment-related mortality. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2006.06.1663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,18]],"date-time":"2006-11-18T00:43:13Z","timestamp":1163810593000},"page":"5207-5215","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Prophylactic Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor After Autologous and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Allison","family":"Dekker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Public Health Sciences, Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and Paediatrics, and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto; and the Department of Pharmacy, Division of Hematology\/Oncology, and Program in Population Health Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Bulley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Public Health Sciences, Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and Paediatrics, and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto; and the Department of Pharmacy, Division of Hematology\/Oncology, and Program in Population Health Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Beyene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Departments of Public Health Sciences, Health Policy Management and Evaluation, and Paediatrics, and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto; and the Department of Pharmacy, Division of Hematology\/Oncology, and Program in Population Health Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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