{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:52:12Z","timestamp":1790657532464,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HIV-infected persons have an elevated risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL); this risk remains increased in the era of effective HIV therapy. We evaluated serum immunoglobulin (Ig) proteins as predictors of NHL risk among HIV-infected individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By using three cohorts of HIV-infected persons (from 1982 to 2005), we identified 66 individuals who developed NHL and 225 matched (by cohort, sex, ethnicity, age, and CD4 count), HIV-infected, lymphoma-free controls who had available stored prediagnostic blood samples. Serum\/plasma samples obtained 0 to 2 years and 2 to 5 years before diagnosis\/selection were assayed for IgG, IgM, and IgA levels; monoclonal (M) Igs; and \u03ba and \u03bb free light chain (FLC) levels. Patients and matched controls were compared by using conditional logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The \u03ba and \u03bb FLCs were both significantly higher in patients (eg, in 2- to 5-year window: median \u03ba, 4.24 v 3.43 mg\/dL; median \u03bb, 4.04 v 3.09 mg\/dL) and strongly predicted NHL in a dose-response manner up to 2 to 5 years before diagnosis\/selection (eg, NHL risk 3.76-fold higher with \u03ba concentration at least 2.00 times the upper limit of normal, and 8.13-fold higher with \u03bb concentration at least 2.00 times the upper limit of normal compared with normal levels). In contrast, IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were similar in patients and controls. M proteins were detected in only two patients with NHL (3%) and in nine controls (4%), and they were not significantly associated with NHL risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated FLCs may represent sensitive markers of polyclonal B-cell activation and dysfunction and could be useful for identifying HIV-infected persons at increased NHL risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2009.25.1322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,4]],"date-time":"2010-01-04T21:49:38Z","timestamp":1262641778000},"page":"773-779","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Circulating Serum Free Light Chains As Predictive Markers of AIDS-Related Lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1200","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ola","family":"Landgren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; and Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"Goedert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; and Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles S.","family":"Rabkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; and Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wyndham H.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; and Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kieron","family":"Dunleavy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; and Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Kyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; and Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry A.","family":"Katzmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; and Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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